G Bermúdez Mercedes, García-Ricobaraza María, García-Santos José Antonio, Segura M Teresa, Puertas-Prieto Alberto, Gallo-Vallejo José Luis, Padilla-Vinuesa Carmen, Koletzko Berthold, Baggs Geraldine E, Oliveros Elena, Rueda Ricardo, Campoy Cristina
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Health Sciences Technological Park, 18012 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 5;17(11):1942. doi: 10.3390/nu17111942.
Obesity during pregnancy is strongly related to increased insulin resistance, and subsequent development of metabolic syndrome-like disorders, such as glucose intolerance, pre-eclampsia, as well as preterm birth, and cesarean delivery. Nutrition can influence the evolution of glycemic response and may help improve adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term complications. The main objective of the Nutritional Intervention during Gestation and Offspring Health (NIGOHealth) randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02285764) was to investigate the potential effects of a low glycemic index/slow digesting (LGI/SD) carbohydrate product on maternal glycemia (glucose AUC at 27-28 weeks; maternal fasting blood glucose (MFBG) at 34-36 weeks), and neonatal body composition. Obese pregnant women were randomized: 230 in the intervention group (IG), who consumed two servings of an LGI/SD study product daily from 15 weeks of pregnancy until delivery, and 102 participants in the Standard of Care (SOC) group. When analyzing baseline characteristics, significant differences were found in glucose metabolic parameters with higher values for IG than for the SOC group, compromising the group's comparability. Despite this, a statistical analysis was conducted (intention-to-treat analysis/evaluable cohort): no differences were detected regarding maternal blood glucose AUC at 27-28 weeks, nor for MFBG at 34-36 weeks. Nonetheless, HbA1c (%) at 34-36 weeks was significantly lower in the IG vs. the SOC group (5.26 ± 0.03, 5.31 ± 0.04, = 0.007) after adjusting for baseline conditions. : This result might suggest a potential effect of the intervention on Evaluable participants. However, it should be taken with caution, due to the limitations of the study. More RCTs should be carried out to explore the effects of LGI/SD products on glycemic response in obese pregnant women.
孕期肥胖与胰岛素抵抗增加以及随后代谢综合征样疾病的发生密切相关，如葡萄糖耐量异常、先兆子痫，以及早产和剖宫产。营养可影响血糖反应的演变，并可能有助于改善不良妊娠结局和长期并发症。妊娠与子代健康营养干预（NIGOHealth）随机临床试验（ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT02285764）的主要目的是研究低血糖指数/慢消化（LGI/SD）碳水化合物产品对母体血糖（27 - 28周时的葡萄糖曲线下面积；34 - 36周时的母体空腹血糖（MFBG））以及新生儿身体组成的潜在影响。肥胖孕妇被随机分组：干预组（IG）有230名，她们从妊娠15周开始直至分娩每天食用两份LGI/SD研究产品；标准治疗（SOC）组有102名参与者。在分析基线特征时，发现葡萄糖代谢参数存在显著差异，IG组的值高于SOC组，这影响了两组的可比性。尽管如此，还是进行了统计分析（意向性分析/可评估队列分析）：在27 - 28周时母体血糖曲线下面积以及34 - 36周时的MFBG方面未检测到差异。然而，在对基线情况进行调整后，IG组34 - 36周时的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（%）显著低于SOC组（5.26±0.03，5.31±0.04，P = 0.007）。该结果可能表明干预措施对可评估参与者有潜在影响。然而，由于该研究的局限性，应谨慎看待。应开展更多随机对照试验以探索LGI/SD产品对肥胖孕妇血糖反应的影响。
