Nogales Laura, Alías Juan Carlos, Blanco-Salas José, Montero-Fernández Ismael, Chaves Natividad
Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Extremadura, 06080 Badajoz, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2025 May 28;14(11):1646. doi: 10.3390/plants14111646.
subsp. is an invasive species from Australia, with morphological, physiological and ecological features that help it colonize and settle outside of its natural habitats. One of these characteristics is allelopathy, which is an interaction that grants a clear competitive advantage to invasive species that has not been studied in subsp. . With the aim of understanding the ecological relationships that take place in habitats invaded by this species, it is especially important to know the allelopathic potential of subsp. and the compounds that would be involved in this interaction. To this end, the present study quantified the allelopathic activity of the aqueous extract of leaves gathered on four different occasions in the year, as well as of the compounds present in these extracts. The obtained results show a negative effect of subsp. samples collected in March, June, September, and December on the germination and growth of . Although the negative effect was observed with all extracts, the extract of leaves gathered in September showing the greatest effect on germination (I = 0.08 g/mL), and that of leaves collected in June presented the greatest effect on root size (I = 0.05 g/mL). As for the composition of these extracts, nine compounds were identified and quantified through HPLC: arbutin, mesaconic acid, isotachioside, 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose, syringic acid-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-robinobioside-7-glucoside, quercetin 3-rhamninoside, rutin, and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside. There is a correlation between the quantified parameters and the quantity of these compounds in the extracts, but it is difficult to attribute the allelopathic activity of subsp. to a particular compound, since this activity may depend on the combination of these compounds. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the leaves of the invasive species subsp. have allelopathic potential, and their toxicity could be due to the combined action of these compounds, which should be analyzed in future studies.
亚种是一种来自澳大利亚的入侵物种，具有形态、生理和生态特征，有助于其在自然栖息地之外定殖和定居。其中一个特征是化感作用，这是一种能赋予入侵物种明显竞争优势的相互作用，而在亚种中尚未对此进行研究。为了了解在该物种入侵的栖息地中发生的生态关系，了解亚种的化感潜力以及参与这种相互作用的化合物尤为重要。为此，本研究对一年中四个不同时间采集的叶片水提取物的化感活性以及这些提取物中存在的化合物进行了定量。获得的结果表明，3月、6月、9月和12月采集的亚种样本对的萌发和生长有负面影响。尽管在所有提取物中都观察到了负面影响，但9月采集的叶片提取物对萌发的影响最大（I = 0.08 g/mL），6月采集的叶片提取物对根大小的影响最大（I = 0.05 g/mL）。至于这些提取物的组成，通过高效液相色谱法鉴定并定量了九种化合物：熊果苷、中康酸、异鼠李素、1-O-香草酰-β-D-葡萄糖、丁香酸-4-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、槲皮素3-刺槐二糖苷-7-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素3-鼠李糖苷、芦丁和异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷。定量参数与提取物中这些化合物的含量之间存在相关性，但很难将亚种的化感活性归因于某一种特定化合物，因为这种活性可能取决于这些化合物的组合。总之，这项工作表明入侵物种亚种的叶片具有化感潜力，其毒性可能是由于这些化合物的联合作用，这在未来的研究中应予以分析。
