Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja, Ravnjak Eva, Rusjan Denis
Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 28;13(23):3339. doi: 10.3390/plants13233339.
An HPLC-MS-DAD analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out on the extracts of staghorn sumac ( L.) and Himalayan balsam ( Royle). This study focuses on the influence of solvent type and extraction time on the phenolic extraction efficiency from both invasive plants. Methanol extraction resulted in a 4.2 times higher content of hydroxybenzoic acids, a 3.7 times higher content of hydroxycinnamic acids, a 3.2 times higher content of flavanols, a 9.6 times higher content of flavanones, and an 8.7 times higher content of flavonols in the Himalayan balsam extract compared to aqueous extraction. Anthocyanins were only detected in the alcohol-based extraction. In comparison, the aqueous extraction from staghorn sumac resulted in a higher yield of total hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavonols, while the methanol extraction resulted in a 1.4-fold lower total polyphenolic content compared to the aqueous extraction. The type of solvent had no significant effect on the total content of flavanols in staghorn sumac. Extraction time considerably affected the total phenolic content in both plant extracts. After 84 h of extraction, the staghorn sumac extract showed a 3.5-fold increase in the total phenolic content compared to the initial measurement. In contrast, the Himalayan balsam extract showed a 40% decrease in the total phenolic content after 84 h. The Himalayan balsam extract reduced the germination of perennial ryegrass seeds by 55%, while the staghorn sumac extract reduced it by 80%. Both extracts also inhibited shoot and root growth of perennial ryegrass, although the Himalayan balsam extract at a concentration of 0.125 g/mL stimulated root growth of perennial ryegrass. The strategic use of invasive alien plants could be an effective approach to control their spread in the environment, potentially reducing management costs. The effectiveness of this approach depends largely on the type and content of allelochemicals present in the invasive plants.
对鹿角漆树（L.）和喜马拉雅凤仙花（Royle）的提取物进行了酚类化合物的高效液相色谱-质谱-二极管阵列检测（HPLC-MS-DAD）分析。本研究聚焦于溶剂类型和提取时间对这两种入侵植物酚类提取效率的影响。与水提取相比，甲醇提取使喜马拉雅凤仙花提取物中的羟基苯甲酸含量高4.2倍，羟基肉桂酸含量高3.7倍，黄烷醇含量高3.2倍，黄烷酮含量高9.6倍，黄酮醇含量高8.7倍。花青素仅在醇基提取中被检测到。相比之下，鹿角漆树的水提取导致总羟基苯甲酸、羟基肉桂酸和黄酮醇的产率更高，而甲醇提取的总多酚含量比水提取低1.4倍。溶剂类型对鹿角漆树中黄烷醇的总含量没有显著影响。提取时间对两种植物提取物中的总酚含量有很大影响。提取84小时后，鹿角漆树提取物的总酚含量比初始测量值增加了3.5倍。相比之下，喜马拉雅凤仙花提取物在84小时后总酚含量下降了40%。喜马拉雅凤仙花提取物使多年生黑麦草种子的发芽率降低了55%，而鹿角漆树提取物使其降低了80%。两种提取物也抑制了多年生黑麦草的地上部分和根部生长，尽管浓度为0.125 g/mL的喜马拉雅凤仙花提取物刺激了多年生黑麦草的根部生长。战略性地利用外来入侵植物可能是控制其在环境中扩散的有效方法，有可能降低管理成本。这种方法的有效性在很大程度上取决于入侵植物中化感物质的类型和含量。
