Gulati Anubhav, Gareau Alexandre P, Price Richard B
Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
Materials (Basel). 2025 May 28;18(11):2548. doi: 10.3390/ma18112548.
Dental researchers and manufacturers use the ISO 4049 standard to determine the depth of cure (DoC) of resin-based composites (RBCs). This standard uses a 4 mm diameter stainless-steel mold and subsequently divides the length of the remaining hard RBC by 2. However, the DoC values obtained using this mold have been challenged. Six bulk-fill RBCs (Tetric plus Fill, Tetric plus Flow, Tetric PowerFill, Tetric PowerFlow, Filtek One, and Aura Bulk Fill) were used to investigate the limitations of the 4 mm diameter mold used in the ISO 4049 standard when compared to a 6 mm diameter metal mold that represented the dimensions of a large cavity in a tooth. Two distinct light curing units were used. One light (Elipar S10) emitted a single peak wavelength of light, while the other (Bluephase G4) was a broad-spectrum, multiple-peak curing light. After 10 s of photocuring, the uncured RBC was immediately removed using acetone. The maximum length of the hard RBC remaining was measured and divided by two so that the effect of these two mold diameters on the DoC results could be compared. The DoC of all six RBCs tested was consistently greater in the 6 mm diameter mold ( < 0.0001). Sectioning revealed that the solvent-dissolved specimens had a clear internal boundary between the apparently well-cured RBC and a peripheral, solvent-resistant, "frosty" region. Using a 4 mm diameter stainless-steel mold resulted in a reduced depth of cure values compared to those obtained when the 6 mm diameter mold was used. The use of a broad-spectrum, multiple-peak LED curing light proved unnecessary for photocuring the six RBCs used in this study.
牙科研究人员和制造商使用ISO 4049标准来确定树脂基复合材料（RBC）的固化深度（DoC）。该标准使用直径4毫米的不锈钢模具，随后将剩余硬RBC的长度除以2。然而，使用该模具获得的DoC值受到了质疑。使用六种大体积填充RBC（Tetric plus Fill、Tetric plus Flow、Tetric PowerFill、Tetric PowerFlow、Filtek One和Aura Bulk Fill）来研究ISO 4049标准中使用的直径4毫米模具与代表牙齿大龋洞尺寸的直径6毫米金属模具相比的局限性。使用了两种不同的光固化装置。一种光源（Elipar S10）发出单峰波长的光，而另一种（Bluephase G4）是广谱、多峰固化光。光固化10秒后，立即用丙酮去除未固化的RBC。测量剩余硬RBC的最大长度并除以2，以便比较这两种模具直径对DoC结果的影响。所有测试的六种RBC在直径6毫米的模具中的DoC始终更大（<0.0001）。切片显示，溶剂溶解的标本在明显固化良好的RBC和外围抗溶剂的“霜状”区域之间有清晰的内部边界。与使用直径6毫米模具时相比，使用直径4毫米的不锈钢模具导致固化深度值降低。事实证明，对于本研究中使用的六种RBC进行光固化，使用广谱、多峰LED固化光没有必要。
