Pastor-Pagés Irene, Ausina-Marquez Verónica, Rizo-Baeza María Mercedes, Cortés-Castell Ernesto, Noreña-Peña Ana
Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Nursing Department, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicent del Raspeig, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Jun 3;13(11):1330. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13111330.
Scientific societies emphasize the benefits of breastfeeding. The effectiveness of education, information, and support during pregnancy has been demonstrated. However, further research is needed on the prevention and treatment of nipple damage, which is a major cause of breastfeeding cessation.
To determine whether the use in clinical practice of beeswax breast pads in combination with the WHO (World Health Organization) health education program improves continuation of breastfeeding among first-time mothers over a 6-month follow-up period compared with the use of the WHO health education program alone.
A prospective randomized control study was conducted in 122 first-time mothers who were seen in the midwifery office between 2017 and 2021 in several health centers in Alicante and Valencia. Data were collected through a prepartum health questionnaire, in the first weeks postpartum, and at 3 and 6 months postpartum.
A higher percentage of mothers in the intervention group continued breastfeeding at 6 months compared to the control group (76.3% versus 57.1%). The continuity of breastfeeding is only significant in relation to the use of the breast areolas, with values, respectively, at 3 and 6 months OR (odds ratio) = 3.129 (95% CI; 1.249-7.839; = 0.015) and OR = 2.282 (95% CI, 1.038-5.016; = 0.040). The NNT (number needed to treat) at 3 months = 5 (95% CI 3-13; = 0.004) and at 6 months = 5 (95% CI 3-26; = 0.025) Conclusions. The use of organic beeswax breast pads in combination with the WHO health education program improves initiation and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding among first-time mothers and the perception of their health status compared to the health education program alone.
科学协会强调母乳喂养的益处。孕期教育、信息和支持的有效性已得到证实。然而，对于乳头损伤的预防和治疗仍需进一步研究，乳头损伤是母乳喂养中断的主要原因。
确定在临床实践中使用蜂蜡乳垫结合世界卫生组织（WHO）健康教育计划，与仅使用WHO健康教育计划相比，在6个月的随访期内是否能提高初产妇母乳喂养的持续率。
对2017年至2021年期间在阿利坎特和瓦伦西亚的几个健康中心的助产办公室就诊的122名初产妇进行了一项前瞻性随机对照研究。通过产前健康问卷在产后第一周以及产后3个月和6个月收集数据。
与对照组相比，干预组在6个月时继续母乳喂养的母亲比例更高（76.3%对57.1%）。母乳喂养的持续性仅与乳晕使用情况显著相关，在3个月和6个月时的值分别为OR（优势比）=3.129（95%CI；1.249 - 7.839；P = 0.015）和OR = 2.282（95%CI，1.038 - 5.016；P = 0.040）。3个月时的NNT（需治疗人数）=5（95%CI 3 - 13；P = 0.004），6个月时的NNT = 5（95%CI 3 - 26；P = 0.025）。结论。与仅进行健康教育计划相比，使用有机蜂蜡乳垫结合WHO健康教育计划可提高初产妇纯母乳喂养的开始率和维持率以及她们对健康状况的认知。
