Wang Siqin, Cai Wenhui, Sun Qian Chayn, Wu Connor Y H, Huang Xiao, Giannopoulos Ioannis, Alinaghi Negar, Liu Zhihang
Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Aug;389:126070. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126070. Epub 2025 Jun 12.
In alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, the pursuit of safe and sustainable cities that promote well-being across all age groups has become a core objective in urban planning and environmental management. The built environment profoundly influences individuals' thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, underscoring the importance of understanding how people perceive their surroundings in relation to objectively measured urban form. Despite growing recognition of the role of perception in shaping urban experience, empirical assessments of the alignment between perceived and actual built environments remain limited. This study explores the relationship between subjective (human-perceived) and objective (measured) characteristics of the built environment through a pilot study conducted in the Melbourne metropolitan area. Using street-level imagery from the Mapillary platform and deep learning techniques, we quantify perceived built environment characteristics across the "5D" urban design dimensions: Density, Diversity, Design, Distance to transit, and Destination accessibility. These perceptions are then compared to objective spatial metrics to assess their alignment. Our analysis reveals that neighborhoods featuring compact urban form, high density, mixed land use, convenient service access, and abundant green space tend to be perceived as more livable and aesthetically appealing. However, this relationship weakens when density surpasses a threshold, leading to perceptions of overcrowding and reduced neighbourhood quality. The findings offer actionable, place-based evidence for urban planners and policymakers seeking to integrate human perceptions into planning frameworks. Additionally, the study's scalable methodology provides a foundation for developing a national database of perceived built environments in Australia, supporting broader applications in health, social equity, and environmental research.
与联合国可持续发展目标相一致，追求促进各年龄段福祉的安全且可持续的城市已成为城市规划和环境管理的核心目标。建成环境深刻影响着个人的思想、情感和行为，这凸显了理解人们如何根据客观测量的城市形态来感知周围环境的重要性。尽管人们越来越认识到感知在塑造城市体验中的作用，但对感知与实际建成环境之间一致性的实证评估仍然有限。本研究通过在墨尔本大都市区进行的一项试点研究，探讨了建成环境的主观（人类感知）特征与客观（测量）特征之间的关系。利用来自Mapillary平台的街景图像和深度学习技术，我们在“5D”城市设计维度上量化了感知到的建成环境特征：密度、多样性、设计、到公共交通的距离以及目的地可达性。然后将这些感知与客观空间指标进行比较，以评估它们的一致性。我们的分析表明，具有紧凑城市形态、高密度、混合土地利用、便捷服务可达性和丰富绿地的社区往往被认为更宜居且美观。然而，当密度超过某个阈值时，这种关系会减弱，导致人们感觉过度拥挤且邻里质量下降。这些发现为寻求将人类感知纳入规划框架的城市规划者和政策制定者提供了可操作的、基于地点的证据。此外，该研究可扩展的方法为建立澳大利亚感知建成环境的国家数据库奠定了基础，支持在健康、社会公平和环境研究等更广泛领域的应用。
