Chaudhry Faiqa, Ahmad Muhammad Laiq, Hayat Zafar, Sajid Muhammad Wasim, Qamar Muhammad Mustafa, Basharat Zunaira, Tariq Muhammad Rizwan, Bibi Amna, Alsulami Tawfiq, Athawab Suleiman A, Mugabi Robert, Alohali Basim M, Nayik Gulzar Ahmad
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2025 Jun 11;120:107426. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107426.
Banana peel is an excellent source of fibre and antioxidants. In the current study, extraction parameters for banana peels were optimized using various extraction methods (sonication and maceration), solvents (acetone, ethanol, and methanol) and solvent concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100 %). Furthermore, the antioxidant, antimicrobial and in-vivo diabetic potential of banana peel extracts (BPE) was investigated. Based on optimization results, the highest TPC (31.45 mg GAE/g), TFC (22.15 mg QE/g), DPPH (82.52 %), and FRAP (29.51 %) activity was shown by 50 % sonicated ethanolic banana peel extracts (SEBPE). Similarly, 50 % SEBPE showed the highest microbial inhibition zone. However, it was in a dose-dependent manner. The optimum dose was 750 µl/ml for bacterial strains and 500 µl/ml for S. cerevisiae. Furthermore, the administration of SEBPE significantly (p < 0.05) improved the glycemic indicators in diabetic rabbits compared to control subjects. The highest efficacy was seen in the G5 group, receiving (750 ml of SEBPE/kg body weight) with 205-109 mg/dL and 6.85-4.51 % serum glucose and HbA1c%, respectively, for 30 days. Biochemical markers such as serum protein, albumin, creatinine and lipid profile showed non-significant (p > 0.05) variations. However, a significant reduction in total cholesterol (159-90 mg/dL) was attributed to higher fibre. Hence, it can be concluded that sonication improves the antioxidant potential of SEBPE due to the increased release of polyphenols, which are responsible for their enhanced antimicrobial and anti-diabetic properties. However, further investigations are required to explore the effectiveness of SEBPE against diabetes co-morbidities such as renal dysfunction.
香蕉皮是纤维和抗氧化剂的优质来源。在本研究中，使用各种提取方法（超声处理和浸渍法）、溶剂（丙酮、乙醇和甲醇）以及溶剂浓度（25%、50%、75%、100%）对香蕉皮的提取参数进行了优化。此外，还研究了香蕉皮提取物（BPE）的抗氧化、抗菌和体内抗糖尿病潜力。根据优化结果，50%超声处理乙醇香蕉皮提取物（SEBPE）表现出最高的总酚含量（TPC，31.45毫克没食子酸当量/克）、总黄酮含量（TFC，22.15毫克芦丁当量/克）、DPPH自由基清除率（82.52%）和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP，29.51%）活性。同样，50% SEBPE表现出最高的抑菌圈。然而，其呈剂量依赖性。对于细菌菌株，最佳剂量为750微升/毫升，对于酿酒酵母为500微升/毫升。此外，与对照组相比，给予SEBPE显著（p < 0.05）改善了糖尿病兔的血糖指标。在G5组中观察到最高疗效，连续30天接受（750毫升SEBPE/千克体重）治疗后，血清葡萄糖和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）分别为205 - 109毫克/分升和6.85 - 4.51%。血清蛋白、白蛋白、肌酐和血脂谱等生化指标显示无显著（p > 0.05）变化。然而，总胆固醇的显著降低（159 - 90毫克/分升）归因于较高的纤维含量。因此，可以得出结论，超声处理提高了SEBPE的抗氧化潜力，这是由于多酚释放增加，而多酚是其增强抗菌和抗糖尿病特性的原因。然而，需要进一步研究以探索SEBPE对糖尿病合并症如肾功能障碍的有效性。
