Hou Fei, Shi Nan, Yuan Haoran, Li Bingyi, Xiao Junjie, Xiao Kun, Xie Lixin
The 964th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Changchun, 130062, China.
College of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2025 Jun 14;30(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s11658-025-00750-6.
Pulmonary infections are common respiratory diseases caused by a variety of pathogens, some of which can lead to epidemics. When they progress to acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome, the mortality rate is high and effective treatment options are lacking. Macrophages play a crucial role in the development and progression of lung injury, and serve as core components of immune regulation in the lungs. Therefore, regulation of macrophages to intervene in the progression of infection-induced lung injury is a promising research direction. However, the existence of different macrophage subsets and their inherent heterogeneity has led to the failure of many studies to achieve effective results, thereby limiting their clinical applications. We believe that interventions targeting macrophages must consider factors, such as macrophage subsets, timing of interventions, patients' varying immune states, and clinical stages, rather than simply focusing on regulating their phenotypes. This distinction is the key to the success of macrophage-targeted therapies. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of two distinct macrophage subpopulations, lung-tissue-resident alveolar macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages, along with intervention strategies and research progress at various time points, with the aim of providing insights and directions for future research.
肺部感染是由多种病原体引起的常见呼吸道疾病，其中一些可导致流行。当它们进展为急性肺损伤或急性呼吸窘迫综合征时，死亡率很高且缺乏有效的治疗选择。巨噬细胞在肺损伤的发生和发展中起关键作用，并作为肺部免疫调节的核心组成部分。因此，调节巨噬细胞以干预感染性肺损伤的进展是一个有前景的研究方向。然而，不同巨噬细胞亚群的存在及其固有的异质性导致许多研究未能取得有效结果，从而限制了它们的临床应用。我们认为，针对巨噬细胞的干预必须考虑诸如巨噬细胞亚群、干预时机、患者不同的免疫状态和临床阶段等因素，而不是简单地专注于调节它们的表型。这种区别是巨噬细胞靶向治疗成功的关键。在本综述中，我们总结了两种不同巨噬细胞亚群，即肺组织驻留肺泡巨噬细胞和单核细胞衍生巨噬细胞的特征，以及在各个时间点的干预策略和研究进展，旨在为未来研究提供见解和方向。
