Shaheed Iman, Samir Ahmed, Ismael Elshaimaa, Zaher Hala M, Orabi Ahmed, Ali Sabah, Mohamed Basma, Darwish Hazem, Abdel-Kader Fatma
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Res Vet Sci. 2025 Sep;193:105762. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105762. Epub 2025 Jun 11.
Campylobacter is a zoonotic pathogen that poses a public health concern, with poultry acting as the main reservoir of human infection. This study aimed to look into the prevalence and risk factors associated with antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. found in chicken cloacal swabs using direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection, highlighting their importance for public health. In this study, 108 pooled chicken cloacal swabs from 270 broilers and 270 layers were included. Following DNA extraction, the extracted DNA was examined for the presence of Campylobacter 16S rRNA, along with the mapA gene in Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and the ceuE gene in Campylobacter coli (C. coli). Next, the key antibiotic resistance genes (gyrA Thr-86-Ile mutation for C. jejuni, gyrA Thr-86-Ile mutation for C. coli, tetO, cmeB, and bla) were looked for in the pools that tested positive for Campylobacter. The prevalence rate of C. jejuni and C. coli was 12 % and 1.9 %, respectively, with 0.9 % carrying both species. TetO was the most common antibiotic resistance gene, found in 75 % of both broilers and layers, followed by bla, which was found in 50 % of broilers and 12.5 % of layers, while the gyrA Thr-86-Ile mutation and cmeB genes were found in broilers at rates of 37.5 % and 25 %, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of the obtained Campylobacter 16S rRNA sequences harbouring two or more antibiotic resistance genes reveals a genetic relatedness to Campylobacter strains isolated from chickens, animals, and humans, highlighting their public health significance. In conclusion, direct PCR detection of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in chicken feces provides better insights into the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. among chickens in Egypt.
弯曲杆菌是一种引起公共卫生关注的人畜共患病原体，家禽是人类感染的主要宿主。本研究旨在利用直接聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测法，调查鸡泄殖腔拭子中耐抗生素弯曲杆菌属的流行情况及相关危险因素，强调其对公共卫生的重要性。本研究纳入了来自270只肉鸡和270只蛋鸡的108份合并鸡泄殖腔拭子。DNA提取后，检测提取的DNA中弯曲杆菌16S rRNA的存在情况，以及空肠弯曲杆菌（C. jejuni）中的mapA基因和结肠弯曲杆菌（C. coli）中的ceuE基因。接下来，在弯曲杆菌检测呈阳性的样本组中寻找关键的抗生素耐药基因（空肠弯曲杆菌的gyrA第86位苏氨酸突变为异亮氨酸、结肠弯曲杆菌的gyrA第86位苏氨酸突变为异亮氨酸、tetO、cmeB和bla）。空肠弯曲杆菌和结肠弯曲杆菌的流行率分别为12%和1.9%，0.9%的样本同时携带这两种菌。TetO是最常见的抗生素耐药基因，在肉鸡和蛋鸡中均有75%被检测到，其次是bla，在50%的肉鸡和12.5%的蛋鸡中被检测到，而gyrA第86位苏氨酸突变为异亮氨酸和cmeB基因在肉鸡中的检出率分别为37.5%和25%。对获得的携带两个或更多抗生素耐药基因的弯曲杆菌16S rRNA序列进行系统发育分析，发现其与从鸡、动物和人类分离出的弯曲杆菌菌株具有遗传相关性，突出了它们对公共卫生的重要意义。总之，直接PCR检测鸡粪便中耐抗生素弯曲杆菌，能更好地了解埃及鸡群中耐抗生素弯曲杆菌属的流行情况。
