Coley William, Akhavi Amir-Ali, Pena Pedro, Shang Ruoxu, Ma Yi, August-Hernandez Andreas, Sayyad Mohammed, Tongay Sefaattin, Kurban Mustafa, Ozkan Cengiz S, Ozkan Mihrimah
Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
iScience. 2025 May 16;28(6):112692. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112692. eCollection 2025 Jun 20.
MXenes, a novel class of two-dimensional materials, exhibit considerable potential across diverse applications, including energy storage, electronics, and catalysis. Traditionally, MXenes are synthesized via the etching of MAX phase materials. This process involves using hydrofluoric acid (HF) and results in the generation of hazardous fluoride by-products. This method is both cost-prohibitive and environmentally detrimental due to the toxic waste produced. A scalable and eco-friendly sol-gel synthesis method has been developed in response to these challenges, utilizing renewable resources such as saccharides and transition metal salts. This approach allows for producing layered transition metal carbides with controlled purities and crystal structures, thus significantly minimizing waste generation. This study focuses on synthesizing MoC, tungsten carbides, and vanadium carbonitrides using this method, intending to reduce production costs and advance the layered metal carbides field for energy storage applications. The findings suggest a promising pathway toward sustainable and cost-effective production of layered metal carbides, fostering further innovation and application in this burgeoning field.
MXenes是一类新型二维材料，在包括能量存储、电子学和催化等多种应用中展现出巨大潜力。传统上，MXenes是通过蚀刻MAX相材料合成的。这个过程需要使用氢氟酸（HF），并会产生有害的氟化物副产物。由于产生有毒废物，这种方法既成本高昂又对环境有害。针对这些挑战，已经开发出一种可扩展且环保的溶胶 - 凝胶合成方法，利用糖类和过渡金属盐等可再生资源。这种方法能够生产出纯度和晶体结构可控的层状过渡金属碳化物，从而显著减少废物产生。本研究聚焦于使用这种方法合成碳化钼、碳化钨和碳氮化钒，旨在降低生产成本并推动层状金属碳化物在能量存储应用领域的发展。研究结果表明了一条通往可持续且经济高效地生产层状金属碳化物的有前景的途径，促进了这个新兴领域的进一步创新和应用。
