中国快递骑手工作量与健康危害之间的关联。
The association between workloads and health hazard among delivery riders in China.
作者信息
Mao Ai-Lin, Tian Chun-Miao, Liu Chen-Xi
机构信息
School of Labor Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2025 May 30;13:1603087. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1603087. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
Drawing on the extended job demands-resources model, this study aims to identify the primary occupational health risks affecting delivery riders and explore mechanisms between workload and illness.
METHODS
A respondent-driven sampling method was employed to minimize data bias. A total of 1,092 riders in Beijing, Shanghai, and Jinan participated in the survey. Logit regression analysis was conducted to assess the associations and mechanisms were also analyzed.
RESULTS
A significant positive relationship was observed between the number of daily deliveries and daily working hours with reported illness. This association was more significant among riders who are primary family breadwinners or who work part-time.
CONCLUSION
Excessive workload negatively affects the health of delivery riders. Overwork may heighten riders' risk perception, which can ultimately lead to illness. However, this relationship can be mitigated if delivery platforms implementing measures to reduce work-related pressure. A key practical implication of this study is the urgent need for platform companies to assume greater responsibility in labor protection, particularly in curbing the tendency toward overwork.
引言
本研究借鉴扩展的工作需求-资源模型，旨在确定影响外卖骑手的主要职业健康风险，并探索工作量与疾病之间的机制。
方法
采用应答驱动抽样方法以尽量减少数据偏差。北京、上海和济南共有1092名骑手参与了调查。进行了Logit回归分析以评估关联，并对机制进行了分析。
结果
观察到每日送餐数量和每日工作时长与报告的疾病之间存在显著的正相关关系。这种关联在作为家庭主要经济支柱的骑手或兼职工作的骑手中更为显著。
结论
工作量过大对外卖骑手的健康产生负面影响。过度工作可能会提高骑手的风险感知，最终导致生病。然而，如果外卖平台采取措施减轻与工作相关的压力，这种关系可以得到缓解。本研究的一个关键实际意义是，平台公司迫切需要在劳动保护方面承担更大责任，特别是抑制过度工作的趋势。
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