Buch Archana, Agarwal Mallika, Londhe Mangesh, Singh Madhuri, Raj Akshi, Gore Charusheela
Department of Pathology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
J Cytol. 2025 Apr-Jun;42(2):95-100. doi: 10.4103/joc.joc_15_24. Epub 2025 Mar 28.
Chromosomal instability (CI) is essential for carcinogenesis. Micronuclei (MN), nuclear budding (NB), chromatin bridge (CB), and multipolar mitosis (MPM) are the morphological markers of CI. These markers can be studied in the effusion fluids like pleural and ascitic fluid. This study aimed to analyze their significance in differentiating between benign and malignant pleural and ascitic effusion fluids.
A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 pleural and ascitic effusion fluids, out of which 71 were benign and 29 were malignant. A total of 20 malignant cases were confirmed by cell block preparation and immunohistochemistry. Leishman-stained slides were screened under oil immersion (1000×) for MN, CB, NB, and MPM. The number of cells with each of these markers were counted per 1000 cells. The data were analyzed by calculating the mean, standard deviation (SD), and Student's test. A value was also computed.
Mean (SD) of MN, CB, NB, and MPM in malignant effusion cytology were 9.01 (4.65), 0.8846 (1.07), 0.96 (1.24), and 0.92 (0097) per 1000 cells counted, whereas, the mean for benign were1.0 (0.90), 0.39 (0.54), 0.51 (0.65), and 0.50(0.73) per 1000 cells, respectively. The difference between benign and malignant effusion cytology and MN score came out to be statistically significant with a value of <0.0001.
The markers of CI help to differentiate between malignant and benign effusion cytology in low-resource settings.
染色体不稳定（CI）对肿瘤发生至关重要。微核（MN）、核芽（NB）、染色质桥（CB）和多极有丝分裂（MPM）是CI的形态学标志物。这些标志物可在胸腔积液和腹水等积液中进行研究。本研究旨在分析它们在鉴别良性和恶性胸腔积液及腹水方面的意义。
对100份胸腔积液和腹水进行前瞻性观察研究，其中71份为良性，29份为恶性。通过细胞块制备和免疫组织化学共确诊20例恶性病例。在油镜（1000×）下筛选利什曼染色玻片上的MN、CB、NB和MPM。每1000个细胞中计数具有这些标志物的细胞数量。通过计算均值、标准差（SD）和学生t检验对数据进行分析。还计算了P值。
恶性积液细胞学中MN、CB、NB和MPM的平均（SD）值分别为每1000个细胞9.01（4.65）、0.8846（1.07）、0.96（1.24）和0.92（0.097），而良性积液的均值分别为每1000个细胞1.0（0.90）、0.39（'0.54）、0.51（0.65）和0.50（0.73）。良性和恶性积液细胞学及MN评分之间的差异具有统计学意义，P值<0.0001。
在资源有限的情况下，CI标志物有助于鉴别恶性和良性积液细胞学。
