Shah Rohan, Tata Laila J, Fogarty Andrew, Lemanska Agnieszka, Kabra Pratyush, Ahankari Anand
Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Pune, India.
Anemia. 2025 Jun 5;2025:7015604. doi: 10.1155/anem/7015604. eCollection 2025.
Anemia is a serious public health problem in India, affecting a large proportion of children, adolescent females, and women. The primary aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of anemia in adolescent females and to understand the feasibility of involving adolescent females from rural regions of Maharashtra through a combination of community-based recruitment and hospital-based investigation strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving unmarried adolescent females (10-19 years) from the Osmanabad district of Maharashtra (April-August 2018). Venous blood samples were taken, and anemia was defined using a hemoglobin cutoff of < 12.0 g/dL. Multiple logistic and linear regression models were used to explore associations of risk factors with anemia status and hemoglobin (Hb) levels, respectively. Out of 679 participants informed and invited to the study, data were available and analyzed for 401 (59.05%) participants. The prevalence of anemia was 29.42%. In the fully adjusted linear regression model, Hb levels reduced by 0.15 g/dL with each year increase in age ( = -0.15 [95% CI: -0.24 to -0.05], = 0.002). Hb levels were lower in those engaged in paid work compared to those who were not ( = -1.19 [95% CI: -2.09 to -0.29], = 0.010) and among those belonging to the Muslim religion ( = -0.75 [95% CI: -1.41 to -0.10], = 0.024) compared to Hindus. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, anemia likelihood increased significantly with age (OR: 1.24 [95% CI: 1.07-1.44], = 0.004) and was higher in Muslims compared to Hindus (OR: 3.02 [95% CI: 1.14-7.99], = 0.026). Pulses/lentils consumption (≥ 3 times a week) was associated with a decreased risk of anemia (OR: 0.51 [95% CI: 0.28-0.90], = 0.022). Using the World Health Organization criteria, the prevalence of anemia was moderately high among adolescent females in the study region. Comprehensive preventive measures for the adolescent female population are required, along with intervention programs that include education, nutrition, supplementation, and social support schemes.
贫血是印度一个严重的公共卫生问题，影响着很大一部分儿童、青春期女性和妇女。该研究的主要目的是调查青春期女性贫血的患病率和风险因素，并了解通过基于社区的招募和基于医院的调查策略相结合的方式，纳入马哈拉施特拉邦农村地区青春期女性的可行性。对来自马哈拉施特拉邦奥斯曼阿巴德区的未婚青春期女性（10 - 19岁）进行了一项横断面研究（2018年4月至8月）。采集静脉血样，贫血的定义为血红蛋白临界值<12.0 g/dL。分别使用多元逻辑回归模型和线性回归模型来探讨风险因素与贫血状况及血红蛋白（Hb）水平之间的关联。在679名被告知并受邀参加研究的参与者中，有401名（59.05%）参与者的数据可供分析。贫血患病率为29.42%。在完全调整的线性回归模型中，年龄每增加一岁，Hb水平降低0.15 g/dL（β = -0.15 [95%置信区间：-0.24至-0.05]，P = 0.002）。与未从事有偿工作的人相比，从事有偿工作的人的Hb水平较低（β = -1.19 [95%置信区间：-2.09至-0.29]，P = 0.010），与印度教徒相比，穆斯林宗教信仰者的Hb水平较低（β = -0.75 [95%置信区间：-1.41至-0.10]，P = 0.024）。在完全调整的逻辑回归模型中，贫血可能性随年龄显著增加（比值比：1.24 [95%置信区间：1.07 - 1.44]，P = 0.004），与印度教徒相比，穆斯林的贫血可能性更高（比值比：3.02 [95%置信区间：1.14 - 7.99]，P = 0.026）。每周食用豆类/小扁豆≥3次与贫血风险降低相关（比值比：0.51 [95%置信区间：0.28 - 0.90]，P = 0.022）。根据世界卫生组织标准，研究区域内青春期女性的贫血患病率处于中等偏高水平。需要针对青春期女性群体采取全面的预防措施，以及包括教育、营养、补充剂和社会支持计划在内的干预项目。
