Urbaneja-Bernat Pablo, Riudavets Jordi, Caporusso Gabriele, Arnó Judit
IRTA, Sustainable Plant Protection Program, Cabrils, Spain.
Pest Manag Sci. 2025 Oct;81(10):6445-6454. doi: 10.1002/ps.8982. Epub 2025 Jun 16.
Dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris is a key biological control agent of Tuta absoluta, one of the most destructive pests in tomato crops worldwide. As part of integrated pest management (IPM) programs, pesticides are commonly applied to control multiple pests. However, their compatibility with parasitoids such as D. gelechiidivoris remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the impact of eight commonly used pesticides on D. gelechiidivoris through four exposure routes relevant to field conditions.
Among the pesticides tested, spinosad and cyantraniliprole were the most toxic, causing up to 90% adult mortality via fresh residues and topical exposure. These compounds also showed high ingestion toxicity and completely suppressed parasitoid emergence from parasitized hosts. Conversely, sulfur, spiromesifen and spirotetramat had a low impact on adult survival, and allowed parasitoid emergence rates similar to the control. Notably, Bacillus thuringiensis significantly reduced female egg load without increasing adult mortality, indicating a sublethal reproductive effect. Overall, pesticide impact varies depending on the exposure route, with contact and topical exposure generally leading to higher mortality than ingestion or effects on immature stages.
This study highlights substantial variation in the side effects of IPM-compatible pesticides on D. gelechiidivoris. While some products were highly disruptive, others proved more selective and compatible with biological control. These findings support more informed pesticide selection in tomato IPM, balancing effective T. absoluta control with the conservation of key parasitoids. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
番茄潜麦蛾是全球番茄作物中最具破坏性的害虫之一，而潜麦蛾长尾啮小蜂是其关键的生物防治天敌。作为害虫综合治理（IPM）计划的一部分，通常会使用农药来控制多种害虫。然而，它们与诸如潜麦蛾长尾啮小蜂等寄生蜂的兼容性仍知之甚少。本研究通过与田间条件相关的四种暴露途径，评估了八种常用农药对潜麦蛾长尾啮小蜂的影响。
在所测试的农药中，多杀霉素和氰虫酰胺毒性最强，通过新鲜残留和体表接触可导致高达90%的成虫死亡率。这些化合物还表现出高摄入毒性，并完全抑制了寄生蜂从被寄生宿主中羽化。相反，硫磺、螺虫乙酯和螺虫·四螨嗪对成虫存活影响较小，且寄生蜂羽化率与对照相似。值得注意的是，苏云金芽孢杆菌显著降低了雌虫的产卵量，而未增加成虫死亡率，表明存在亚致死生殖效应。总体而言，农药的影响因暴露途径而异，接触和体表接触通常比摄入或对未成熟阶段的影响导致更高的死亡率。
本研究突出了与IPM兼容的农药对潜麦蛾长尾啮小蜂副作用的显著差异。虽然一些产品具有高度破坏性，但其他产品证明更具选择性且与生物防治兼容。这些发现支持在番茄IPM中更明智地选择农药，在有效控制番茄潜麦蛾与保护关键寄生蜂之间取得平衡。© 2025作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。
