Nannapaneni Abhinav, Wilson Victoria, Chughtai Shahzaib
Central Michigan University College of Medicine, United States.
Biochem Biophys Rep. 2025 Apr 17;42:102013. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102013. eCollection 2025 Jun.
This systematic review investigates the correlation between selenium status and thyroid conditions, specifically focusing on autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) including Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' Disease (GD). After a meticulous analysis of 14 research studies, we explored the impact of selenium levels and supplementation on several thyroid-specific parameters and overall disease progression. Several studies indicated a notable inverse correlation between selenium deficiency and the prevalence and severity of AITD. In particular, HT patients showed consistent improvement with selenium supplementation, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent. However, the effect of selenium on GD was not as clear, with some studies indicating no significant correlation. These inconsistent effects demonstrate how nuanced AITD treatment must be. It also shows that selenium plays a varied role in thyroid health. The findings in this review serve as an example of how micronutrient intake is important in thyroid disease management. The nuances of these treatments support a need for more patient-centered and individualized treatment plans, which may be further helped by detailed research into proper dosing and administration strategies. Specific patient populations may benefit from selenium supplementation, though the variability in outcomes points to a need for vigilance in the clinical setting. Importantly, the ability to personalize supplementation depends on establishing a reliable method for detecting selenium deficiency or status. Future clinical guidelines should emphasize the necessity of a solid diagnostic framework that allows for precise monitoring, ensuring that selenium supplementation is appropriately justified and tailored to individual patient needs.
本系统评价研究了硒状态与甲状腺疾病之间的相关性，特别关注自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD），包括桥本甲状腺炎（HT）和格雷夫斯病（GD）。在对14项研究进行细致分析后，我们探讨了硒水平及补充对多个甲状腺特异性参数和整体疾病进展的影响。多项研究表明，硒缺乏与AITD的患病率和严重程度之间存在显著负相关。特别是，HT患者补充硒后病情持续改善，表明硒有作为治疗药物的潜力。然而，硒对GD的影响并不明确，一些研究表明无显著相关性。这些不一致的影响表明AITD治疗必须多么细致入微。这也表明硒在甲状腺健康中发挥着多种作用。本评价中的研究结果为例说明了微量营养素摄入在甲状腺疾病管理中的重要性。这些治疗的细微差别表明需要更多以患者为中心的个性化治疗方案，对适当的给药剂量和给药策略进行详细研究可能会进一步有所帮助。特定患者群体可能从补充硒中获益，尽管结果的变异性表明在临床环境中需要保持警惕。重要的是，个性化补充的能力取决于建立一种可靠的检测硒缺乏或状态的方法。未来的临床指南应强调建立一个可靠的诊断框架的必要性，该框架能够进行精确监测，确保补充硒有合理依据并根据个体患者需求进行调整。
