Nojo Makoto, Suzuki Shintaro, Uno Tomoki, Miyata Yoshito, Akihiko Tanaka, Sagara Hironori
Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Showa University Hospital, 1-5-8, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan.
Department of Medical Education, Showa University School of Medicine, Showa University Hospital, 1-5-8, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan.
World Allergy Organ J. 2025 May 8;18(6):101062. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101062. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Anaphylaxis is a severe and life-threatening allergic reaction. Although the risk factors/cofactors for anaphylaxis vary between countries and regions, limited information is available on these factors within the Japanese context. Therefore, we aimed to discern risk factors/cofactors associated with heightened anaphylaxis severity in Japanese adults.
In total, 507 adult patients with anaphylaxis who visited our clinic (Tokyo, Japan) between January 2010 and June 2020 were included in the analysis. Data on patient backgrounds, clinical characteristics, and causative allergens were extracted from patients' medical records. We retrospectively analyzed information on patient background and clinical characteristics associated with an increased severity of anaphylaxis. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify background features and clinical characteristics that contribute to anaphylaxis severity.
Multivariate analysis revealed that age, smoking history, asthma, and alcohol consumption at the onset of anaphylaxis were significant risk factors contributing to the increased severity of anaphylaxis. Moreover, drug-induced anaphylaxis was associated with heightened severity than food, anisakis and other allergens.
We successfully identified risk factors/cofactors contributing to the heightened severity of anaphylaxis among adults in Japan. Additionally, our findings suggest that alcohol consumption and smoking are related to anaphylaxis severity in adults. The insights derived from this study will assist in identifying more effective preventive measures and treatment strategies in clinical practice.
过敏反应是一种严重且危及生命的过敏反应。尽管过敏反应的风险因素/协同因素在不同国家和地区有所不同，但在日本国内，关于这些因素的信息有限。因此，我们旨在识别与日本成年人过敏反应严重程度增加相关的风险因素/协同因素。
总共纳入了2010年1月至2020年6月期间到我们诊所（日本东京）就诊的507例成年过敏反应患者进行分析。从患者的病历中提取患者背景、临床特征和致病过敏原的数据。我们回顾性分析了与过敏反应严重程度增加相关的患者背景和临床特征信息。采用逻辑回归模型来识别导致过敏反应严重程度的背景特征和临床特征。
多变量分析显示，年龄、吸烟史、哮喘以及过敏反应发作时的饮酒情况是导致过敏反应严重程度增加的重要风险因素。此外，药物引起的过敏反应比食物、异尖线虫和其他过敏原导致的严重程度更高。
我们成功识别了导致日本成年人过敏反应严重程度增加的风险因素/协同因素。此外，我们的研究结果表明，饮酒和吸烟与成年人过敏反应的严重程度有关。本研究得出的见解将有助于在临床实践中确定更有效的预防措施和治疗策略。
