Waite Oliver, Gostelow Ruth, Wright Emma, Jepson Rosanne E, Brodbelt Dave C, O'Neill Dan G
Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hertfordshire, UK.
Murdoch University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch, Australia.
J Vet Intern Med. 2025 Jul-Aug;39(4):e70161. doi: 10.1111/jvim.70161.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy in cats. General population epidemiology and mortality studies on DM are lacking.
Describe the incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and mortality for DM in cats under primary veterinary care in the United Kingdom (UK).
Random sample of 1053 confirmed DM cases from 1 255 130 cats in VetCompass.
Retrospective cohort study with a nested case-control study. Period prevalence and incidence risk of DM for 2019 were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify risk factors for DM.
Annual prevalence was 0.39% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37-0.42). Incidence risk (2019) was 0.14% (95% CI, 0.13-0.16). Mean age and median adult body weight of incident cases diagnosed with DM was 11.8 ± 3.5 years (n = 371) and 5.9 kg (interquartile range: 4.6-7.1, n = 327). Odds of DM were increased in cats ≥ 9.0 years (odds ratio [OR]: 5.11, CI, 4.10-6.24) compared with cats 4.5-9.0 years. Burmese (OR: 2.07, CI, 1.29-3.31) and Burmillas (OR: 8.30, CI, 2.59-26.62) had increased odds, whereas Bengals (OR: 0.24, CI: 0.06-0.98) and Ragdolls (OR: 0.11, CI: 0.02-0.80) had decreased odds of DM compared with crossbreeds. Of 51.2% (192/375) cats dead within 3 years of diagnosis, 93.0% (176/192) were euthanized; 19.7% (35/178) were euthanized ≤ 3 days after diagnosis.
Almost 1/250 cats in the UK live with DM annually. Burmillas were predisposed to DM, and protection against DM was shown in Bengals and Ragdolls. Early mortality associated with DM diagnosis in cats is high.
糖尿病（DM）是猫常见的内分泌疾病。目前缺乏关于猫糖尿病的总体人群流行病学和死亡率研究。
描述英国接受初级兽医护理的猫糖尿病的发病率、患病率、危险因素和死亡率。
从VetCompass的1255130只猫中随机抽取1053例确诊糖尿病病例作为样本。
采用回顾性队列研究和巢式病例对照研究。计算2019年糖尿病的期间患病率和发病风险。使用多变量逻辑回归模型确定糖尿病的危险因素。
年患病率为0.39%（95%置信区间[CI]：0.37 - 0.42）。2019年的发病风险为0.14%（95%CI，0.13 - 0.16）。确诊糖尿病的发病病例的平均年龄和成年体重中位数分别为11.8±3.5岁（n = 371）和5.9千克（四分位间距：4.6 - 7.1，n = 327）。与4.5 - 9.0岁的猫相比，≥9.0岁的猫患糖尿病的几率增加（优势比[OR]：5.11，CI，4.10 - 6.24）。缅甸猫（OR：2.07，CI，1.29 - 3.31）和波米拉猫（OR：8.30，CI，2.59 - 26.62）患糖尿病的几率增加，而孟加拉猫（OR：0.24，CI：0.06 - 0.98）和布偶猫（OR：0.11，CI：0.02 - 0.80）患糖尿病的几率低于杂交猫。在诊断后3年内死亡的猫中，51.2%（192/375）被安乐死；93.0%（176/192）在诊断后≤3天被安乐死。
英国每年约1/250的猫患有糖尿病。波米拉猫易患糖尿病，而孟加拉猫和布偶猫对糖尿病有一定的抵抗力。猫糖尿病诊断后的早期死亡率很高。
