Podczarska-Głowacka Magdalena, Perzanowska Ewelina, Krasowska Katarzyna, Trapik Zuzanna, Kalkowska Agata, Klich Sebastian
Department of Basic Physiotherapy, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Sport Didactics, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 17;20(6):e0315459. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315459. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to determine the impact of a 4-week Nordic Hamstrings Exercise (NHE) eccentric training program on postural balance in static and dynamic conditions, focusing on the dominant leg. This study involved thirty-two recreationally active individuals, randomly divided into two groups: Nordic Exercise training (NHE Group; n = 16) and the matched-control group (CON Group; n = 16). The NHE Group performed Nordic hamstring exercise training for 4 weeks, during which the volunteer exercised 3 times a week for 3 sets, each set consisting of 3 repetitions of NHE. Postural balance was assessed using three tests: static balance on a stable platform with eyes closed, dynamic balance on an unstable platform for both legs and dynamic balance on an unstable platform for the dominant leg. Three indices were measured using the Biodex Stability System: Anterior-Posterior Stability Index (APSI), Medio-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI), and Overall Stability Index 1 (OSI). The NHE group significantly improved balance on a stable platform with eyes closed compared to baseline (p ≤ 0.001) and on unstable platforms compared to both baseline and the control group (p ≤ 0.001). Both groups improved knee strength, but the NHE group showed significantly greater improvements (p ≤ 0.001 for NHE, p ≤ 0.04 for control). Strong positive correlations (r = 0.5 to 0.7) were found between stability measures, suggesting shared underlying mechanisms influencing balance (p < 0.01). A 4-week NHE training protocol effectively improves postural balance and performance in athletes. Measuring postural control is valuable for assessing neuromuscular function and injury prevention in athletic populations. This study suggests that eccentric NHE exercises may improve athlete balance, reduce hamstring injury risk, and decrease the need for rehabilitation by activating posterior thigh muscles.
本研究旨在确定为期4周的北欧绳肌运动（NHE）离心训练计划对静态和动态条件下姿势平衡的影响，重点关注优势腿。本研究涉及32名有休闲运动习惯的个体，随机分为两组：北欧运动训练组（NHE组；n = 16）和匹配对照组（CON组；n = 16）。NHE组进行了4周的北欧绳肌运动训练，在此期间，志愿者每周锻炼3次，每次3组，每组包括3次NHE重复动作。使用三项测试评估姿势平衡：在稳定平台上闭眼的静态平衡、双腿在不稳定平台上的动态平衡以及优势腿在不稳定平台上的动态平衡。使用Biodex稳定性系统测量三项指标：前后稳定性指数（APSI）、内外侧稳定性指数（MLSI）和整体稳定性指数1（OSI）。与基线相比，NHE组在闭眼稳定平台上的平衡有显著改善（p≤0.001），与基线和对照组相比，在不稳定平台上的平衡也有显著改善（p≤0.001）。两组的膝关节力量均有所改善，但NHE组的改善更为显著（NHE组p≤0.001，对照组p≤0.04）。在稳定性测量之间发现强正相关（r = 0.5至0.7），表明存在影响平衡的共同潜在机制（p < 0.01）。为期4周的NHE训练方案可有效改善运动员的姿势平衡和表现。测量姿势控制对于评估运动员群体的神经肌肉功能和预防损伤具有重要价值。本研究表明，离心NHE运动可能通过激活大腿后侧肌肉来改善运动员平衡、降低绳肌损伤风险并减少康复需求。
