Yang Jiazhi, Zhang Liang, Sun Haofei, Sun Zhaoqiang, Li Jialin
National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Beijing Taike Zhikang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing 102218, China.
Bioresour Technol. 2025 Oct;434:132819. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132819. Epub 2025 Jun 15.
Condensed wastewater treatment faces challenges from elevated ammonia-nitrogen levels (1972-2365 mg/L), a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (0.02-0.03), and inhibitory sulfides. To overcome these, a novel hybrid system integrating an effluent membrane-enhanced fixed-biofilm activated sludge (IFAS) reactor with partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) was developed. The system demonstrated exceptional nitrogen removal performance at a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 1.5 kg N/(m·d) with a nitrogen removal efficiency of 82.3 %. Denitrification enhanced advanced nitrogen removal with a low nitrate production ratio (4.5 %), minimizing secondary pollution risks. Microbial analysis revealed substantial enrichment of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, with Candidatus Brocadia dominating the biofilm community (24.3 %). Membrane-mediated biomass retention selectively enriched Nitrosomonas (10.1 %) in suspended sludge, while biofilm detachment promoted granular anammox biomass development and further elevated Candidatus Brocadia abundance by 4.8 %. This synergistic configuration enhances process stability for treating high-ammonia/low-carbon wastewater and promotes the practical implementation of IFAS-PN/A systems.
浓缩废水处理面临着氨氮水平升高（1972 - 2365毫克/升）、低碳氮比（0.02 - 0.03）和抑制性硫化物等挑战。为克服这些问题，开发了一种新型混合系统，该系统将出水膜增强固定生物膜活性污泥（IFAS）反应器与部分亚硝化/厌氧氨氧化（PN/A）相结合。该系统展现出卓越的脱氮性能，最大脱氮速率为1.5千克氮/（立方米·天），脱氮效率达82.3%。反硝化作用增强了深度脱氮效果，硝酸盐产生率低（4.5%），将二次污染风险降至最低。微生物分析表明厌氧氨氧化细菌大量富集，“Candidatus Brocadia”在生物膜群落中占主导地位（24.3%）。膜介导的生物量保留选择性地使悬浮污泥中的亚硝化单胞菌富集（10.1%），而生物膜脱落促进了颗粒厌氧氨氧化生物量的发展，并使“Candidatus Brocadia”的丰度进一步提高了4.8%。这种协同配置增强了处理高氨/低碳废水的工艺稳定性，并推动了IFAS - PN/A系统的实际应用。
