Das Shaon Kumar
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737102, India.
Environ Geochem Health. 2025 Jun 17;47(7):274. doi: 10.1007/s10653-025-02582-x.
Hazardous substances like zinc and cadmium can be released into the soil by ore mining and other industrial operations, which could endanger the environment. Biochar made from biomass pyrolysis is suggested as a sorption treatment for contaminated soils, enhancing microbial activity, soil fertility, and water retention. Utilizing four different biochar the average removal rate of heavy metal from aqueous solution was 48.2-65.7% (Cd), 46.2-59.1% (Pb), 46.7-59.3% (Ni), 45.2-59.4% (Zn), 48.7-62.4% (Cu), and 51.8-63.7% (As) compared to no biochar treatment. The percent decrease of Pb heavy metal adsorption with increase in maximum contaminant level (MCL) from one to five fold was 55.8 (RJB), 54.9 (SBB), 53.6 (PTB), and 51.3 (BMB). Effect of dose study showed that the As adsorption on all the four types of biochar was most favourable and Ni adsorption was the most awful. Results revealed that the wastewater COD, TSS, ammonia, TKN and TP values demonstrated an 89.2-91.8%, 85.3-82.7%, 89.4-87.9%, 59.2-70.5% and 89.3-78.8% decrease, respectively. Additionally, the wastewater As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn and Cu values resulted an 76.9-84.2%, 50.5-92.4%, 81.5-86.2%, 92.8-75.1%, 88.4-92.5% and 93.3-95.5% decrease, respectively after being passed via biochar bio-filter.
锌和镉等有害物质可通过矿石开采和其他工业活动释放到土壤中，这可能危及环境。生物质热解产生的生物炭被建议作为污染土壤的吸附处理方法，可增强微生物活性、土壤肥力和保水性。与不使用生物炭处理相比，使用四种不同的生物炭时，水溶液中重金属的平均去除率分别为：镉48.2 - 65.7%、铅46.2 - 59.1%、镍46.7 - 59.3%、锌45.2 - 59.4%、铜48.7 - 62.4%、砷51.8 - 63.7%。随着最大污染物水平（MCL）从1倍增加到5倍，铅重金属吸附量的下降百分比分别为：RJB为55.8、SBB为54.9、PTB为53.6、BMB为51.3。剂量研究结果表明，四种生物炭对砷的吸附最有利，对镍的吸附最差。结果显示，废水的化学需氧量（COD）、总悬浮固体（TSS）、氨、总凯氏氮（TKN）和总磷（TP）值分别下降了89.2 - 91.8%、85.3 - 82.7%、89.4 - 87.9%、59.2 - 70.5%和89.3 - 78.8%。此外，废水经过生物炭生物滤池后，砷、镉、铬、铅、锌和铜的值分别下降了76.9 - 84.2%、50.5 - 92.4%、81.5 - 86.2%、92.8 - 75.1%、88.4 - 92.5%和93.3 - 95.5%。
