Silbereisen Angelika, Lira-Junior Ronaldo, Afacan Beral, Özturk Ozgen-Veli, Emingil Gülnur, Bostanci Nagihan
Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Division of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Clin Periodontol. 2025 Sep;52(9):1288-1297. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14195. Epub 2025 Jun 17.
This study investigated the diagnostic potential of salivary triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1, peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) and interleukin (IL)-1β for periodontitis patients and their ability to predict treatment outcome.
Systemically healthy, non-smokers with gingivitis (n = 31), stage III periodontitis (34 grade B: n = 34, grade C: n = 24) and healthy controls (n = 34) were recruited. Periodontitis patients (n = 42) underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment. Saliva was collected at baseline (T0) and post-treatment (T1, T3, T6). Biomarkers were measured using immunoassays. Periodontitis patients were categorised into responders (n = 19) and non-responders (n = 23) based on the number of residual pockets ≥ 5 mm with bleeding on probing at T6.
TREM-1 was higher in periodontitis than in gingivitis and health, and in periodontitis grade B than in gingivitis (p < 0.05). PGLYRP1 and IL-1β were higher in periodontitis and gingivitis compared to controls (p < 0.01). All biomarkers discriminated periodontitis from health (AUC ≥ 0.9) with high sensitivity (82.1%-92.8%) and specificity (83.3%-88.9%). TREM-1 differentiated periodontitis from gingivitis (AUC = 0.72) with high sensitivity (92.8%) but low specificity (58.1%). Baseline biomarkers did not predict treatment outcome (AUC ≤ 0.61), while T1 levels showed moderate potential (AUC ≥ 0.71).
Salivary TREM-1 pathway biomarkers offer diagnostic value for periodontitis, are modulated by therapy but show limited ability to predict treatment outcome.
The study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT06715176, 4 December 2024).
本研究调查了髓系细胞触发受体（TREM）-1、肽聚糖识别蛋白1（PGLYRP1）和白细胞介素（IL）-1β在牙周炎患者中的诊断潜力及其预测治疗结果的能力。
招募全身健康的非吸烟性牙龈炎患者（n = 31）、III期牙周炎患者（34例B级：n = 34，C级：n = 24）和健康对照者（n = 34）。42例牙周炎患者接受了非手术牙周治疗。在基线（T0）和治疗后（T1、T3、T6）收集唾液。使用免疫测定法测量生物标志物。根据T6时探诊出血且深度≥5mm的残留牙周袋数量，将牙周炎患者分为反应者（n = 19）和无反应者（n = 23）。
牙周炎患者的TREM-1水平高于牙龈炎患者和健康对照者，B级牙周炎患者的TREM-1水平高于牙龈炎患者（p < 0.05）。与对照组相比，牙周炎和牙龈炎患者的PGLYRP1和IL-1β水平更高（p < 0.01）。所有生物标志物均可将牙周炎与健康状态区分开来（AUC≥0.9），具有较高的敏感性（82.1%-92.8%）和特异性（83.3%-88.9%）。TREM-1可将牙周炎与牙龈炎区分开来（AUC = 0.72），敏感性较高（92.8%），但特异性较低（58.1%）。基线生物标志物无法预测治疗结果（AUC≤0.61），而T1水平显示出中等预测潜力（AUC≥0.71）。
唾液TREM-1通路生物标志物对牙周炎具有诊断价值，可受治疗调节，但预测治疗结果的能力有限。
本研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册（ID：NCT06715176，2024年12月4日）。
