美国成年人肠道微生物群饮食指数与睡眠时间的关联：一项横断面研究。

Association between dietary index for gut microbiota and sleep duration in US adults: a cross-sectional study.

作者信息

Liu Jingjing, Huang Shaoqiang

机构信息

Department of Anesthesiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Rd., Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China.

出版信息

Curr Res Microb Sci. 2025 May 27;9:100412. doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100412. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100412

PMID:40528895

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12171763/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The microbiota-gut-brain axis underlies the pathogenesis of sleep disorders. The dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) is an innovative diet quality metric related to gut microbiota diversity, with higher scores indicating a healthier gut microbiome. This study aimed to investigate its association with sleep duration.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2018, involving 25,439 participants aged ≥20 years. The DI-GM score was calculated utilizing dietary recall data, encompassing both beneficial (BGMS) and unfavorable (UGMS) to gut microbiota score. Sleep duration was assessed via the question: "How much sleep do you usually get at night on weekdays or workdays?" and categorized as short (<7 h per night), optimal (7-8 h per night), and long (>8 h per night). Multivariable weighted linear and logistic regression models were performed to determine the association between DI-GM and sleep duration. Secondary analyses included restricted cubic splines (RCS) and subgroup analyses.

RESULTS

In the fully adjusted model, a higher DI-GM score was associated with longer sleep duration (β =0.03, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.01-0.04, < 0.001), as was a higher BGMS (β =0.04, 95 % CI: 0.02-0.06, < 0.001). Using optimal sleep as the reference category, both higher DI-GM score and BGMS were significantly associated with lower odds of short sleep (DI-GM: odds ratio [OR] =0.96, 95 % CI: 0.93-0.99, = 0.010; BGMS: OR =0.93, 95 % CI: 0.89-0.96, < 0.001). RCS revealed nonlinear associations between DI-GM and both outcomes, while BGMS exhibited linear patterns. Subgroup analyses confirmed consistent associations across demographic, lifestyle, and health strata, with significant effect modification by race/ethnicity ( = 0.015 for sleep duration; 0.016 for short sleep) and physical activity ( = 0.033 and 0.007, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Higher DI-GM scores were associated with longer sleep duration, underscoring the potential of gut microbiota-targeted diets for sleep health.

摘要

背景

微生物群-肠道-脑轴是睡眠障碍发病机制的基础。肠道微生物群饮食指数（DI-GM）是一种与肠道微生物群多样性相关的创新饮食质量指标，得分越高表明肠道微生物群越健康。本研究旨在调查其与睡眠时间的关联。

方法

这项横断面研究分析了2005年至2018年的美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据，涉及25439名年龄≥20岁的参与者。DI-GM得分利用饮食回忆数据计算得出，包括对肠道微生物群有益（BGMS）和不利（UGMS）的得分。睡眠时间通过以下问题评估：“工作日或工作时晚上你通常睡多久？”并分为短睡眠（每晚<7小时）、最佳睡眠（每晚7-8小时）和长睡眠（每晚>8小时）。进行多变量加权线性和逻辑回归模型以确定DI-GM与睡眠时间之间的关联。二次分析包括受限立方样条（RCS）和亚组分析。

结果

在完全调整模型中，较高的DI-GM得分与较长的睡眠时间相关（β=0.03，95%置信区间[CI]：0.01-0.04，P<0.001），较高的BGMS得分也是如此（β=0.04，95%CI：0.02-0.06，P<0.001）。以最佳睡眠为参照类别，较高的DI-GM得分和BGMS得分均与短睡眠几率较低显著相关（DI-GM：比值比[OR]=0.96，95%CI：0.93-0.99，P=0.010；BGMS：OR=0.93，95%CI：0.89-0.96，P<0.001）。RCS显示DI-GM与两种结果之间存在非线性关联，而BGMS呈现线性模式。亚组分析证实了在人口统计学、生活方式和健康层面的一致关联，种族/民族（睡眠时间P=0.015；短睡眠P=0.016）和身体活动（分别为P=0.033和0.007）存在显著的效应修饰。