Duarte Sandra, Ropars Lise, Machon Nathalie, Desutter-Grandcolas Laure
CESCO, Muséum National d´Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
ISYEB, Muséum National d´Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
Neotrop Entomol. 2025 Jun 18;54(1):77. doi: 10.1007/s13744-025-01282-6.
Bees, which play a vital role in the reproduction of plant, are in decline due to multiple factors. In tropical islands, despite their growing extent, urban areas are less explored and sampled compared to natural areas. Historical collections and online databases can then provide information on the temporal dynamics of pollinators as well as ecological information, providing a proxy for deficient sampling. This study investigates the diversity and ecological characteristics of the wild bee community and its temporal dynamics in the Havana province of Cuba. Cuba is a biodiversity hotspot in the Caribbean and hosts the highest bee biodiversity in the Antilles. Here, we analyzed 1,322 records (of which 1,067 new) from various sources (online databases, literature, and historical natural collections during the XIX Century). In the studied area our data attest the presence of 52 species (23 genera, 4 families), of which 47 are native (14 endemics) and four are introduced species Three species categorized as "critically endangered" for the country were recorded; 41 species are polylectic (78.8%) and 11 kleptoparasitic (21.2%). Most species were found during the rainy season (49 species vs 39 species recorded in dry season). Regarding the variation of the wild bee population over the years, one third of the recorded species have not been observed since the last century, while about 70% of the species persist. Analysis of a century data underscores the importance of conserving the wild bee community in these provinces.
蜜蜂在植物繁殖中起着至关重要的作用，但由于多种因素，其数量正在减少。在热带岛屿，尽管城市面积不断扩大，但与自然区域相比，城市地区的探索和采样较少。历史标本收集和在线数据库可以提供有关传粉者时间动态的信息以及生态信息，作为抽样不足的一种替代。本研究调查了古巴哈瓦那省野生蜜蜂群落的多样性、生态特征及其时间动态。古巴是加勒比地区的生物多样性热点地区，拥有安的列斯群岛最高的蜜蜂生物多样性。在这里，我们分析了来自各种来源（在线数据库、文献以及19世纪的历史自然标本收集）的1322条记录（其中1067条是新记录）。在研究区域，我们的数据证实了52种蜜蜂的存在（23个属，4个科），其中47种是本土物种（14种为特有物种），4种是引进物种。记录到3种被列为该国“极度濒危”的物种；41种是多食性的（78.8%），11种是盗寄生性的（21.2%）。大多数物种是在雨季发现的（49种，而旱季记录到39种）。关于多年来野生蜜蜂种群的变化，自上世纪以来，三分之一的记录物种未再被观察到，而约70%的物种仍然存在。对一个世纪数据的分析强调了在这些省份保护野生蜜蜂群落的重要性。
