Bobak Adam, Steves Michael, McMahon Emily, Spahiu Matea, Rahman Austin S W, Casarcia Nicolette, Banerjee Sabyasachi, Bishayee Anupam
Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713301, India.
Phytomedicine. 2025 Aug;144:156850. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156850. Epub 2025 May 17.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is known to be the most aggressive adult brain tumor due to its high fatality rates. The ability of this tumor to induce neovascularization, migrate, and proliferate into brain tissue makes GBM a sought-after disease for a cure. However, treatment is scarce, and a cure is elusive. Recent studies in the use of plant-based compounds (phytochemicals) for the prevention and treatment of GBM exhibit promising results.
The objective of this work is to determine the effects of different classes of phytocompounds, including phenolics, alkaloids, sulfur-containing compounds, and terpenoids, on various hallmarks associated with the development and growth of GBM. This was completed through an extensive analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms of action.
To accomplish this goal, scholarly databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were utilized to collect articles that were thoroughly reviewed for inclusion in this work.
Various phytochemicals inhibited the survival, proliferation, and growth of diverse GBM cells in vitro and suppressed GBM tumor development and progression in animal models. Numerous studies indicated that different phytochemicals were able to induce apoptosis and decrease migration, invasion, and metastasis by elevated reactive oxygen species and proapoptotic caspase factors, inhibiting cyclin D1, impeding growth factor signaling, and modulating the protein kinase B/phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway.
Based on overwhelming scientific evidence, bioactive phytochemicals show significant promise for prevention and treatment of GBM. Future research is crucial to fully understand these anticancer effects of phytochemicals before their clinical transition.
多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）因其高死亡率而被认为是最具侵袭性的成人脑肿瘤。这种肿瘤诱导新血管形成、迁移并增殖进入脑组织的能力，使得GBM成为一种亟待治愈的疾病。然而，治疗方法稀缺，治愈也难以实现。最近关于使用植物性化合物（植物化学物）预防和治疗GBM的研究显示出了有前景的结果。
这项工作的目的是确定不同类别的植物化合物，包括酚类、生物碱、含硫化合物和萜类化合物，对与GBM发生和生长相关的各种特征的影响。这是通过对细胞和分子作用机制的广泛分析来完成的。
为实现这一目标，利用了诸如PubMed、Scopus和ScienceDirect等学术数据库来收集经过全面审查以纳入本研究的文章。
各种植物化学物在体外抑制了不同GBM细胞的存活、增殖和生长，并在动物模型中抑制了GBM肿瘤的发展和进展。大量研究表明，不同的植物化学物能够通过提高活性氧和促凋亡半胱天冬酶因子、抑制细胞周期蛋白D1、阻碍生长因子信号传导以及调节蛋白激酶B/磷脂酰肌醇3激酶途径来诱导细胞凋亡并减少迁移、侵袭和转移。
基于大量的科学证据，生物活性植物化学物在预防和治疗GBM方面显示出巨大的前景。在这些植物化学物进行临床转化之前，未来的研究对于充分了解它们的抗癌作用至关重要。
