Wang Xuelian
Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China.
Pediatr Res. 2025 Jun 18. doi: 10.1038/s41390-025-04237-0.
The association between early antibiotic overuse in preterm neonates and the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains controversial. In this issue of Pediatric Research, Zhu et al. present findings from a large multicenter prospective cohort study across China, reporting no significant association between early empirical antibiotic exposure and NEC. However, prolonged use of broad-spectrum antibiotics was associated with increased mortality. The results underscore the importance of antibiotic stewardship in neonatal care and highlight the need for further randomized trials and mechanistic studies to better understand the complex interactions between antibiotics and NEC pathogenesis. IMPACT: This comment highlights the study by Zhu et al. 'Early antibiotic exposure and necrotizing enterocolitis among preterm infants <34 weeks' gestation'.
早产新生儿早期抗生素过度使用与坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）风险之间的关联仍存在争议。在本期《儿科研究》中，朱等人展示了一项在中国开展的大型多中心前瞻性队列研究的结果，报告称早期经验性抗生素暴露与坏死性小肠结肠炎之间无显著关联。然而，长期使用广谱抗生素与死亡率增加有关。这些结果强调了抗生素管理在新生儿护理中的重要性，并突出了进一步进行随机试验和机制研究的必要性，以更好地理解抗生素与坏死性小肠结肠炎发病机制之间的复杂相互作用。影响：本评论突出了朱等人的研究“孕周<34周早产儿的早期抗生素暴露与坏死性小肠结肠炎”。
