Wu Qian, Wacharasin Chintana, Tang Yan
Faculty of Nursing, Jiangsu Medical College, No. 283, Jiefang South Road, Tinghu District, Jiangsu, 224005, People's Republic of China.
Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, Muang District, Chon-Buri, 20131, Thailand.
Matern Child Health J. 2025 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s10995-025-04120-8.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for infants under 6 months, but EBF practices in China face significant challenges. This study aimed to evaluate EBF duration and its determinants among Chinese mothers in Jiangsu Province.
This prospective study recruited 374 mothers from postnatal wards of hospitals. On the day of discharge, a face-to-face survey was conducted, utilizing a demographic record form, the Breastfeeding (BF) Knowledge Questionnaire, the BF Attrition Prediction Tool, the Perception of Insufficient Milk (PIM) Questionnaire, and the Infant Feeding Intention Scale. After discharge, 3 follow-up calls were conducted with an EBF record form. AMOS 23.0 software were employed to perform structural equation modelling.
Only 12.30% of the participants sustained EBF until 6 months postpartum. BF intention, maternity leave, and perceived control had direct positive effects on EBF. Subjective norm, perceived control and PIM had indirect positive effects on EBF through BF intention. BF knowledge indirectly influenced EBF through BF attitude, subjective norm, perceived control, and PIM, all in positive directions. Additionally, BF attitude had an indirect positive effect on EBF through subjective norm.
Predictors of EBF for the first 6 months were successfully identified in this study, highlighting the importance of a multi-faceted approach. To support EBF, nurses, employers, and governments must collaborate. Providing lactation facilities, time off for milk expression, and comprehensive maternity leave, along with targeted nursing interventions, can extend EBF durations and improve maternal and infant health.
世界卫生组织（WHO）建议对6个月以下婴儿进行纯母乳喂养（EBF），但中国的纯母乳喂养实践面临重大挑战。本研究旨在评估江苏省中国母亲的纯母乳喂养持续时间及其决定因素。
这项前瞻性研究从医院产后病房招募了374名母亲。出院当天，使用人口统计学记录表、母乳喂养（BF）知识问卷、母乳喂养损耗预测工具、母乳不足感知（PIM）问卷和婴儿喂养意图量表进行面对面调查。出院后，使用纯母乳喂养记录表进行3次随访电话。采用AMOS 23.0软件进行结构方程建模。
只有12.30%的参与者持续纯母乳喂养至产后6个月。母乳喂养意图、产假和感知控制对纯母乳喂养有直接的积极影响。主观规范、感知控制和母乳不足感知通过母乳喂养意图对纯母乳喂养有间接的积极影响。母乳喂养知识通过母乳喂养态度、主观规范、感知控制和母乳不足感知对纯母乳喂养产生间接影响，且均为正向影响。此外，母乳喂养态度通过主观规范对纯母乳喂养有间接的积极影响。
本研究成功确定了前6个月纯母乳喂养的预测因素，突出了多方面方法的重要性。为了支持纯母乳喂养，护士、雇主和政府必须合作。提供哺乳设施、挤奶时间和全面的产假，以及有针对性的护理干预措施，可以延长纯母乳喂养时间，改善母婴健康。
