Wu Yu-Hsuan, Ho Yen-Ju, Han Jo-Ping, Chen Shu-Yueh
MSN, RN, Clinical Nursing Teacher, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
Hu Li Za Zhi. 2018 Feb;65(1):42-50. doi: 10.6224/JN.201802_65(1).07.
World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend that infants should be breastfed for six month after childbirth. The average duration of breastfeeding in Taiwan still falls short of this sixth-month timeline. In order to improve the duration of breastfeeding, it is crucial to understand the factors that affect related behavior.
To explore the effects of breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding intention among exclusive-breastfeeding women during the initial six months after childbirth and to verify the reliability and validity of the infant feeding intentions scale (Chinese version).
Purposive sampling was used to select and enroll a total of 167 breastfeeding women from a southern metropolitan medical-teaching hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and phone interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0, LISREL8.7, and S-Plus package software to obtain scores for the independent-sample t test, Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance, survival analysis, and reliability and validity.
Breastfeeding self-efficacy scores ranged from 14 to 70, with a mean score of 44.80 (±11.56). Infant feeding intention scores ranged from 14 to 70, with a mean score of 12.20 (±3.14). Additionally, 29.9% of the participants breastfed exclusively for the entire six months after childbirth. Breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding intention were positively correlated (r = .45, p < .001). Education level, occupation, and breastfeeding intention were each identified as factors that significantly influenced the success of exclusive breastfeeding during the initial six months after childbirth.
CONCLUSIONS / IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding intention are correlated with breastfeeding behavior. Based on findings, medical staff should target promotion and education regarding the importance of breastfeeding particularly toward women who have lower levels of education, who are employed, and who express low initial intention to breastfeed.
世界卫生组织（WHO）指南建议婴儿应在产后六个月内进行母乳喂养。台湾地区的平均母乳喂养时长仍未达到这六个月的标准。为了延长母乳喂养时长，了解影响相关行为的因素至关重要。
探讨产后最初六个月内纯母乳喂养女性的母乳喂养自我效能感和母乳喂养意愿的影响，并验证婴儿喂养意愿量表（中文版）的信效度。
采用目的抽样法，从南部一所大都市医学教学医院选取并招募了167名母乳喂养女性。通过结构化问卷和电话访谈收集数据。使用SPSS 18.0、LISREL8.7和S-Plus软件包对数据进行分析，以获得独立样本t检验、Pearson积差相关系数、单因素方差分析、生存分析以及信效度得分。
母乳喂养自我效能感得分在14至70分之间，平均分为44.80（±11.56）。婴儿喂养意愿得分在14至70分之间，平均分为12.20（±3.14）。此外，29.9%的参与者在产后的整整六个月内都进行纯母乳喂养。母乳喂养自我效能感与母乳喂养意愿呈正相关（r = 0.45，p < 0.001）。教育水平、职业和母乳喂养意愿均被确定为在产后最初六个月内显著影响纯母乳喂养成功的因素。
结论/实践启示：母乳喂养自我效能感和母乳喂养意愿与母乳喂养行为相关。基于研究结果，医护人员应针对母乳喂养的重要性进行推广和教育，尤其是针对教育水平较低、有工作以及最初母乳喂养意愿较低的女性。
