Turgut Vural, Candar Esra, Demircubuk Ibrahim, Sengul Gulgun
Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, 35100, Türkiye.
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, 35100, Türkiye.
Neurol Sci. 2025 Oct;46(10):5451-5455. doi: 10.1007/s10072-025-08312-6. Epub 2025 Jun 19.
Julius Caesar Arantius (Giulio Cesare Aranzi, 1530-1589) was a pioneering anatomist of the Renaissance, a period marked by the transition from scholastic Galenism to empirical observation and experimentation. Through meticulous cadaveric dissections, Arantius made several lasting contributions to anatomical science. He introduced the term hippocampus, although its modern interpretation remains debated. Beyond his renowned work on the hippocampus, Arantius signi icantly advanced knowledge of the fourth ventricle by providing a detailed description of its location, proposing an early concept of cerebrospinal luid, and tracing its historical references. Arantius also challenged the belief that ocular structures were extensions of brain tissue, arguing instead-based on dissections-that the sclera was of embryonic origin and that extrinsic eye muscles arose from bony structures. Despite some anatomical inaccuracies, his observations marked a bold and foundational step in the evolution of ocular and neuroanatomy.
尤利乌斯·恺撒·阿兰蒂乌斯（朱利奥·切萨雷·阿兰齐，1530 - 1589）是文艺复兴时期一位具有开拓精神的解剖学家，这一时期的标志是从学术性的盖伦主义向实证观察与实验的转变。通过细致的尸体解剖，阿兰蒂乌斯对解剖学做出了几项具有持久影响力的贡献。他引入了“海马体”这个术语，尽管其现代解释仍存在争议。除了他在海马体方面的著名研究，阿兰蒂乌斯通过详细描述第四脑室的位置、提出脑脊液的早期概念并追溯其历史文献，极大地推动了对第四脑室的认识。阿兰蒂乌斯还挑战了眼球结构是脑组织延伸的观点，相反，基于解剖，他认为巩膜起源于胚胎，眼球外肌起源于骨骼结构。尽管存在一些解剖学上的不准确之处，但他的观察标志着眼科学和神经解剖学发展中的一个大胆且基础性的步骤。
