Frodi A, Thompson R
Child Dev. 1985 Oct;56(5):1280-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1985.tb00196.x.
20 full-term and 20 preterm infants and their mothers were videotaped in the Strange Situation, and the security of their attachment relationships was later determined. Each episode was subsequently divided into consecutive 15-sec intervals, during each of which ratings of facial expressions were performed. From these ratings several summary dimensions of affect were derived (e.g., affective peak and range during all episodes, latency and rise time for onset of distress during separation episodes, and recovery time during reunions). Term and preterm infants did not differ from one another in either the security of attachment or their affective expression and regulation. When groups were combined, patterns of affective expression were significantly different for infants classified as insecure-avoidant, insecure-ambivalent, and securely attached, as well as for group B1 + B2 infants compared to group B3 + B4 babies. The findings indicated that attachment-related affect may reflect an affect continuum that underlies certain mother- and stranger-directed behaviors in the Strange Situation, but that not all aspects of reunion behavior can be predicted by prior separation reactions.
对20名足月儿和20名早产儿及其母亲在陌生情境中进行了录像，随后确定了他们依恋关系的安全性。随后，每一段情节被分成连续的15秒间隔，在每个间隔内对面部表情进行评分。从这些评分中得出了几个情感总结维度（例如，所有情节中的情感峰值和范围、分离情节中痛苦发作的潜伏期和上升时间，以及团聚期间的恢复时间）。足月儿和早产儿在依恋安全性或情感表达与调节方面没有差异。当将各组合并时，被归类为不安全回避型、不安全矛盾型和安全依恋型的婴儿，以及与B3 + B4组婴儿相比的B1 + B2组婴儿的情感表达模式存在显著差异。研究结果表明，与依恋相关的情感可能反映了一种情感连续体，它是陌生情境中某些针对母亲和陌生人的行为的基础，但团聚行为的所有方面并不能由先前的分离反应预测。
