Pyuza Jeremia J, van Dorst Marloes M A R, Barnett David, Stam Koen, Manurung Mikhael, Wammes Linda, König Marion, Kruize Yvonne, Andongolile Nikuntufya, Ngowi Anastazia, Shao Elichilia R, Kullaya Vesla I, Mremi Alex, Hogendoorn Pancras C W, Msuya Sia E, Jochems Simon P, Penders John, Yazdanbakhsh Maria, de Steenhuijsen Piters Wouter A A
Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, Tanzania.
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Jun 19;11(1):110. doi: 10.1038/s41522-025-00687-w.
Vaccine responses vary across populations and are influenced by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including the gut microbiota. However, studies linking microbiota composition to vaccine immunogenicity in low- and middle-income countries are sparse. In this study, we examined the gut microbiota of 143 healthy rural and urban living Tanzanians who participated in a yellow fever vaccine (YF-17D) trial. We found significant differences in gut microbiota profiles between rural and urban participants. Rural-associated microbiota showed higher diversity and enrichment of taxa like Prevotella and Succinivibrio, which were linked to dietary intake patterns. Yellow fever neutralizing antibody titers were higher in rural compared to urban participants. Interestingly, a subset of urban individuals with a rural-like microbiota had higher antibody titers and faster antibody waning than those with a more industrialized microbiota. These findings suggest that gut microbiota composition might be linked to vaccine immunogenicity, potentially outweighing the influence of living location.
疫苗反应在不同人群中存在差异，并受到多种内在和外在因素的影响，包括肠道微生物群。然而，在低收入和中等收入国家，将微生物群组成与疫苗免疫原性联系起来的研究很少。在这项研究中，我们检查了143名参与黄热病疫苗（YF-17D）试验的坦桑尼亚农村和城市健康居民的肠道微生物群。我们发现农村和城市参与者的肠道微生物群谱存在显著差异。与农村相关的微生物群显示出更高的多样性，以及普雷沃氏菌属和琥珀酸弧菌属等分类群的富集，这些与饮食摄入模式有关。农村参与者的黄热病中和抗体滴度高于城市参与者。有趣的是，一部分具有类似农村微生物群的城市个体比那些具有更工业化微生物群的个体具有更高的抗体滴度和更快的抗体衰减。这些发现表明，肠道微生物群组成可能与疫苗免疫原性有关，其潜在影响可能超过居住地点的影响。
