Askin Seda, Iminova Khasiiat, Avci Bahri, Askin Hakan
Health Services Vocational School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye.
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye.
Mediators Inflamm. 2025 Jun 12;2025:9713697. doi: 10.1155/mi/9713697. eCollection 2025.
Acute kidney injury (AKI), also known as renal failure among the public, is the sudden decrease or loss of kidney functions. In the treatment of this condition, drugs with anti-inflammatory properties are generally preferred, but these drugs have many side effects. Physicians may need natural antioxidants as an alternative or additional treatment to the applied treatment to eliminate or reduce these side effects. Therefore, we conducted our current study molecularly to reveal the protective potential of walnut septa extract (WSE) in targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and cellular differentiation mechanisms in kidney tissues in Sprague-Dawley rats with kidney damage. The bioactive compounds in this extract were identified. Before inducing a renal IR injury model in the rats this extract was administered. Then, tissue oxidative stress markers were detected by ELISA. Following the treatment, molecular analyses were performed to determine antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, ferroptosis, and cellular differentiation activities in kidney tissues. Gene expression levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (), nuclear factor erythroid 2 (), lipocalin 2 (), glutathione (GSH) peroxidase 4 (), and keratin 8 () were assessed. The primary bioactive compound identified in this extract was β-sitosterol, accounting for 62.066% of the total extract. Pretreatment with WSE led to an increase in GSH activity and a reduction in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in the kidney tissues. On a molecular level, this extract promoted the activation of , , and genes, while inhibiting the expression of and genes, indicating its protective effects. Extract was shown to exert renoprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress ( and ), suppressing inflammation ( and ), and supporting cellular structure and apoptosis regulation (). These findings suggest that extract could be a promising therapeutic candidate for renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury. Further comprehensive and long-term studies are recommended to validate these findings.
急性肾损伤（AKI），在公众中也被称为肾衰竭，是肾功能的突然下降或丧失。在这种病症的治疗中，通常首选具有抗炎特性的药物，但这些药物有许多副作用。医生可能需要天然抗氧化剂作为应用治疗的替代或辅助治疗，以消除或减少这些副作用。因此，我们进行了当前的分子研究，以揭示核桃隔提取物（WSE）在针对肾损伤的Sprague-Dawley大鼠肾组织中的氧化应激、炎症、铁死亡和细胞分化机制方面的保护潜力。鉴定了该提取物中的生物活性化合物。在对大鼠诱导肾缺血再灌注损伤模型之前给予该提取物。然后，通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测组织氧化应激标志物。治疗后，进行分子分析以确定肾组织中的抗氧化、抗炎、铁死亡和细胞分化活性。评估了肾损伤分子-1（）、核因子红细胞2（）、脂质运载蛋白2（）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）过氧化物酶4（）和角蛋白8（）的基因表达水平。在该提取物中鉴定出的主要生物活性化合物是β-谷甾醇，占提取物总量的62.066%。WSE预处理导致肾组织中GSH活性增加和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平降低。在分子水平上，该提取物促进了、和基因的激活，同时抑制了和基因的表达，表明了其保护作用。提取物显示出通过降低氧化应激（和）、抑制炎症（和）以及支持细胞结构和凋亡调节（）发挥肾保护作用。这些发现表明提取物可能是肾缺血再灌注（RIR）损伤的一种有前景的治疗候选物。建议进行进一步全面和长期的研究以验证这些发现。
