Pangrazzi Luca, Weinberger Birgit
Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2025 Dec;21(1):2517931. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2517931. Epub 2025 Jun 20.
As the global population ages, the development of effective vaccines for older adults has become a public health priority. Immunosenescence, the gradual decline of immune function with age, reduces vaccine efficacy, necessitating novel strategies to enhance immune responses in this population. This review summarizes the current landscape of vaccines for older adults including vaccines against influenza, pneumococcal disease, COVID-19, RSV and herpes zoster and explores recent advancements in vaccines for older adults. Adjuvants can enhance immunogenicity and have played an important role in recent vaccine developments. This review underscores the need for continued innovation to improve existing vaccines, develop vaccines against additional infections including nosocomial pathogens, and to strengthen implementation of vaccination programs to ensure optimal protection against infectious diseases in aging populations.
随着全球人口老龄化，开发针对老年人的有效疫苗已成为公共卫生的优先事项。免疫衰老，即免疫功能随年龄增长而逐渐下降，会降低疫苗效力，因此需要新的策略来增强该人群的免疫反应。本综述总结了目前针对老年人的疫苗情况，包括流感疫苗、肺炎球菌疾病疫苗、新冠疫苗、呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗和带状疱疹疫苗，并探讨了针对老年人疫苗的最新进展。佐剂可增强免疫原性，在近期疫苗研发中发挥了重要作用。本综述强调需要持续创新，以改进现有疫苗、开发针对包括医院病原体在内的其他感染的疫苗，并加强疫苗接种计划的实施，以确保老年人群体获得最佳的传染病防护。
