Li Xudong, Liu Cong, Du Jinge, Sun Yuqing, Hu Ruibo, Liu Shuqing, Xu Qiyu, He Xiaoli, Tang Chang-Xiao, Xu Ran, Li Yunhai, Fu Zheng Qing, Wang Guan-Feng, Li Shengjun
Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China.
Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. China.
Cell Rep. 2025 Jul 22;44(7):115895. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115895. Epub 2025 Jun 21.
Plants have developed an elaborate immune system to effectively combat diverse pathogens, mainly through intricate signaling pathways. However, more studies will be required to have a better understanding of the activation mechanism of plant immune responses. Here, we report the biological function of SMA1, a nuclear-localized DEAD-box RNA helicase, in plant disease immunity. A point mutation (D634Y) of SMA1 in sma1-1 leads to autoimmunity, partially dependent on the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor protein SNC1. Furthermore, SMA1 interacts with the central immune regulator EDS1 in the nucleus. The intrinsically disordered region of SMA1 is crucial for the formation of SMA1-mediated nuclear condensates (SMNCs), consisting of SMA1 and EDS1. Notably, the formation of SMNCs is triggered by salicylic acid and pathogen infection. Additionally, the D634Y mutation in SMA1 promotes SMNC formation and EDS1 accumulation. Collectively, our findings highlight the significant role of SMA1 in regulating RNA metabolism and its contribution to plant immunity.
植物已经进化出一套复杂的免疫系统，主要通过复杂的信号通路来有效对抗各种病原体。然而，需要更多的研究来更好地理解植物免疫反应的激活机制。在这里，我们报道了一种定位于细胞核的DEAD-box RNA解旋酶SMA1在植物疾病免疫中的生物学功能。sma1-1中SMA1的一个点突变（D634Y）导致自身免疫，部分依赖于核苷酸结合富含亮氨酸重复序列的受体蛋白SNC1。此外，SMA1在细胞核中与中央免疫调节因子EDS1相互作用。SMA1的内在无序区域对于由SMA1和EDS1组成的SMA1介导的核凝聚物（SMNCs）的形成至关重要。值得注意的是，SMNCs的形成由水杨酸和病原体感染触发。此外，SMA1中的D634Y突变促进了SMNCs的形成和EDS1的积累。总的来说，我们的研究结果突出了SMA1在调节RNA代谢中的重要作用及其对植物免疫的贡献。
