Kudela Erik, Berakova Katarina, Rokos Tomas, Kozubik Erik, Pribulova Terezia, Biringer Kamil, Grendar Marian
Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, 03601, Slovakia.
Martinské Bioptické Centrum s.r.o., Zilina, 010 01, Slovakia.
Infect Agent Cancer. 2025 Jun 22;20(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s13027-025-00675-x.
Until now, Slovakia has lacked complex data regarding the prevalence of specific high-risk HPV types in female population. Accordingly, our study focused on the population of Northern Slovakia, providing valuable insights into the correlation between cytological diagnoses, age, and HPV prevalence.
We performed a retrospective analysis of results from cytological cervical cancer screening and HPV DNA testing in 2023 involving 74,850 women in the Zilina region of northern Slovakia.
The most common HPV infection based on the results of the HPV DNA testing was the group positivity for other high-risk HPVs at 17.73%, followed by HPV16 (6.03%) and HPV18 (1.57%) positivity. The overall HPV DNA positivity, regardless of age, was 21.59%. We observed a significant decrease in high-risk HPV prevalence with increasing age ( < 0.001), with the highest values in the age group of 18–25 years (37.92%). A second peak of high-risk HPV infection was observed in the age group of 51–55 years. HPV coinfection, defined as a combination of positive HPV DNA test results, was observed in 3.49% of cases (187/5,354).
We found relatively high prevalence of high-risk HPV types in Slovak population. Our findings may serve as a valuable baseline for future evaluations of the impact of both organized screening and vaccination in the country.
迄今为止，斯洛伐克缺乏关于女性人群中特定高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）流行率的综合数据。因此，我们的研究聚焦于斯洛伐克北部地区的人群，为细胞学诊断、年龄和HPV流行率之间的相关性提供了有价值的见解。
我们对2023年斯洛伐克北部日利纳地区74850名女性的宫颈癌细胞学筛查和HPV DNA检测结果进行了回顾性分析。
根据HPV DNA检测结果，最常见的HPV感染是其他高危型HPV的群体阳性率为17.73%，其次是HPV16阳性率（6.03%）和HPV18阳性率（1.57%）。无论年龄如何，总体HPV DNA阳性率为21.59%。我们观察到高危型HPV流行率随年龄增长显著下降（<0.001），在18 - 25岁年龄组中最高（37.92%）。在51 - 55岁年龄组中观察到高危型HPV感染的第二个高峰。HPV合并感染定义为HPV DNA检测结果呈阳性的组合，在3.49%的病例（187/5354）中观察到。
我们发现斯洛伐克人群中高危型HPV类型的流行率相对较高。我们的研究结果可为该国未来有组织筛查和疫苗接种影响评估提供有价值的基线。
