Van Voorhis P
Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1985 Feb;111(1):101-26.
Probationers ordered to pay restitution were classified by Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development in order to (a) identify background correlates of moral development; (b) explore the relation between moral development and restitution compliance; and (c) differentially identify facilitating circumstances of restitution. The research was conducted in Albuquerque, New Mexico, from 1978 to 1980. Sixty-three probationers were interviewed and classified by moral development, I-level, and by ratings on relevant personality dimensions. Six-month follow-up data were collected from probation records. The results revealed significant relationships (p less than .05) between moral development and ethnicity, education, occupation, income, prior fines, weapons possession, knowing the victim, I-level, responsibility, and empathy. In addition, high-maturity offenders were more likely to reimburse their victims than were low-maturity offenders. Finally, multivariate analysis revealed numerous circumstances of restitution that differentially impacted upon offenders' compliance with the terms of restitution.
被责令进行赔偿的缓刑犯按照科尔伯格的道德发展阶段进行分类，目的是：(a) 确定道德发展的背景相关因素；(b) 探究道德发展与赔偿遵守情况之间的关系；以及 (c) 区分确定促进赔偿的情况。该研究于1978年至1980年在新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基市进行。对63名缓刑犯进行了访谈，并按照道德发展、I水平以及相关人格维度的评分进行了分类。从缓刑记录中收集了为期六个月的随访数据。结果显示，道德发展与种族、教育程度、职业、收入、先前的罚款、持有武器、认识受害者、I水平、责任感和同理心之间存在显著关系（p小于0.05）。此外，高成熟度的罪犯比低成熟度的罪犯更有可能赔偿受害者。最后，多变量分析揭示了许多不同的赔偿情况，这些情况对罪犯遵守赔偿条款产生了不同的影响。
