Mishra Ajay K, Ahmad Shahenshah, Pandey Mahima, Mateen Saboor, Jabeen Firdaus, Haque Nazrul, Abubakkar Memon Z, Memon Furqan A
Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of General Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2025 May;14(5):1968-1972. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1926_24. Epub 2025 May 31.
To assess the clinical profile and electroencephalography (EEG) abnormal patterns in patients with metabolic encephalopathy (ME).
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 80 diagnosed patients of ME over a period of 24 months from January 2019 until January 2021. Causes of ME were determined. Glasgow coma score (GCS) was recorded. Routine biochemical investigations were done, and EEG patterns were recorded. The outcome measures were association of EEG patterns with the cause of ME.
The mean age was 39.62 ± 14.98 years, with 61.3% being men. The mean GCS was 13.28 ± 0.96. The cause of ME was single in 34 (42.5%) cases and multifactorial in 46 (57.5%) cases. Hyperammonemia was present in all patients. Abnormal EEG findings were observed in 7 (8.75%) patients in the form of slow posterior background rhythm. The patients with normal EEG had comparable mean GCS as those with abnormal EEG (13.30 ± 0.97 vs. 13.14 ± 0.90, = 0.667). Abnormal EEG was observed in comparable proportion of patients with single cause of ME than multiple causes (11.8% vs. 6.5p = 0.714).
ME is seen in a wide age group of patients with majority being in the age group of 21 to 40 years followed by 41 to 60 years. It carries a male predominance with multifactorial causes where hyperammonemia remains the most common metabolic abnormality. Cases may either have a single cause or multiple causes for metabolic abnormality. EEG abnormality was seen in only 8.7% cases with no statistical relation with causes of metabolic abnormality.
评估代谢性脑病（ME）患者的临床特征及脑电图（EEG）异常模式。
于2019年1月至2021年1月的24个月期间，对80例确诊的ME患者进行了一项横断面观察性研究。确定ME的病因，记录格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS），进行常规生化检查并记录EEG模式。观察指标为EEG模式与ME病因的相关性。
平均年龄为39.62±14.98岁，男性占61.3%。平均GCS为13.28±0.96。ME病因单一的有34例（42.5%），多因素的有46例（57.5%）。所有患者均存在高氨血症。7例（8.75%）患者的EEG表现异常，表现为后部慢背景节律。EEG正常的患者与EEG异常的患者平均GCS相当（13.30±0.97对13.14±0.90，P=0.667）。ME单一病因患者中观察到EEG异常的比例与多病因患者相当（11.8%对6.5%，P=0.714）。
ME可见于广泛年龄组的患者，多数在21至40岁年龄组，其次是41至60岁年龄组。男性居多，病因多为多因素，高氨血症仍是最常见的代谢异常。代谢异常的病例可能有单一病因或多种病因。仅8.7%的病例出现EEG异常，与代谢异常病因无统计学关联。
