Srimani Phalguni, Sengupta Debjani, Bharati Premananda, Bharati Susmita
Department of Anatomy, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2025 May;14(5):1735-1740. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1229_24. Epub 2025 May 31.
Complex interaction of maternal environment has been considered to play pivotal role in fetal survival including postnatal growth and future development. Anemia during pregnancy is being studied as a major determinant of obstetric outcome and effect on anthropometric parameters of newborns. Accordingly, an attempt was made to study the effects of maternal anemia on birth weight (BW) and other parameters of newborns while keeping attention on different maternal bio-social proximates.
An observational study included 200 mother-newborn dyad: newborns of mothers suffering from anemia during pregnancy and another group consisting of newborns born to non-anemic mothers. Appropriate statistical analysis was done to interpret the anthropometric data of newborns to assess the relationship between maternal factors including anemia and neonatal outcome before the results of the study were compared with similar types of studies performed earlier on different population groups.
Significant differences ( < 0.05) in anthropometric parameters (birth weight, length, crown-rump length, maximum cranial breadth, head circumference, chest circumference, abdominal circumference) of newborns were observed between the two groups. More or less no difference ( ≥ 0.05) was found on account of maternal parameters except anemia. Correlations of the mother's anemic level with each newborn anthropometric parameter were computed and maximum correlation was studied with crown-rump length ( = 0.40, < 0.01).
Maternal anemia as an individual factor can significantly explain variations of different birth parameters of newborns which could be possibly due to its chronic effect on growth potential rather than its acute effect which is usually exerted on birth weight alone.
母体环境的复杂相互作用被认为在胎儿存活（包括出生后生长和未来发育）中起关键作用。孕期贫血作为产科结局的主要决定因素以及对新生儿人体测量参数的影响正在被研究。因此，本研究试图探讨母体贫血对新生儿出生体重（BW）和其他参数的影响，同时关注不同的母体生物社会因素。
一项观察性研究纳入了200对母婴：一组为孕期患贫血母亲的新生儿，另一组为非贫血母亲所生的新生儿。在将本研究结果与之前针对不同人群组进行的类似研究进行比较之前，进行了适当的统计分析以解读新生儿的人体测量数据，评估包括贫血在内的母体因素与新生儿结局之间的关系。
两组新生儿的人体测量参数（出生体重、身长、顶臀长、最大颅宽、头围、胸围、腹围）存在显著差异（<0.05）。除贫血外，其他母体参数导致的差异或多或少不显著（≥0.05）。计算了母亲贫血程度与每个新生儿人体测量参数的相关性，并研究了与顶臀长的最大相关性（=0.40，<0.01）。
母体贫血作为一个单独因素可显著解释新生儿不同出生参数的差异，这可能是由于其对生长潜能的慢性影响，而非通常仅对出生体重产生的急性影响。
