Kurosawa M
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 1985 Jul;60(4):509-27.
Present study was undertaken to elucidate the reflex effects of cutaneous mechanical stimulation on both adrenal sympathetic efferent nerve activity and secretion rates of the adrenal catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) in anesthetized rats. An attempt was also made to clarify the effect of clonidine on this cutaneo-adrenal medullary reflexes. The results obtained were as follows: In central nervous system (CNS) intact rats, noxious pinching stimulation of the lower chest or hindpaw skin produced reflex increases in both nerve activity and secretion rates of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla; innocuous brushing stimulation of the lower chest or thigh skin produced reflex decreases in nerve activity and secretion rates of catecholamines during stimulation period. In spinalized rats, noxious pinching stimulation of the lower chest skin produced reflex increases in both nerve activity and secretion rates of catecholamines, whereas pinching of hindpaw skin did not produce any reflex increases; innocuous brushing stimulation of the lower chest or thigh skin elicited reflex increases in both nerve activity and secretion rates of catecholamines although lower chest brushing elicited a much stronger response than thigh brushing did. These findings suggest that; the secretion of adrenal medullary hormones can be controlled reflexly by mechanical cutaneous stimulation through CNS via adrenal sympathetic efferent nerves; the excitatory effect of the cutaneo-adrenal medullary reflexes was independent of noxious or innocuous stimulation at the spinal level, whereas in CNS intact rats the effect was either excitatory or inhibitory in response to noxious or innocuous stimulation, respectively; there is a marked segmental organization of this reflex at the spinal level which is modified into a generalized response through supraspinal structures. Furthermore, it was also demonstrated in present experiment that clonidine produced a dose-dependent in these reflex responses in both CNS intact and spinalized rats.
本研究旨在阐明皮肤机械刺激对麻醉大鼠肾上腺交感传出神经活动及肾上腺儿茶酚胺（肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素）分泌率的反射效应。同时还试图阐明可乐定对这种皮肤 - 肾上腺髓质反射的影响。获得的结果如下：在中枢神经系统（CNS）完整的大鼠中，对下胸部或后爪皮肤进行有害的捏夹刺激会使肾上腺髓质的神经活动和儿茶酚胺分泌率反射性增加；对下胸部或大腿皮肤进行无害的刷擦刺激会在刺激期间使神经活动和儿茶酚胺分泌率反射性降低。在脊髓横断的大鼠中，对下胸部皮肤进行有害的捏夹刺激会使神经活动和儿茶酚胺分泌率反射性增加，而后爪皮肤的捏夹未产生任何反射性增加；对下胸部或大腿皮肤进行无害的刷擦刺激会使神经活动和儿茶酚胺分泌率反射性增加，尽管下胸部刷擦引起的反应比大腿刷擦强得多。这些发现表明：肾上腺髓质激素的分泌可通过中枢神经系统经肾上腺交感传出神经由皮肤机械刺激反射性控制；皮肤 - 肾上腺髓质反射的兴奋效应在脊髓水平与有害或无害刺激无关，而在中枢神经系统完整的大鼠中，该效应分别对有害或无害刺激呈兴奋或抑制反应；在脊髓水平该反射有明显的节段性组织，通过脊髓上结构转变为全身性反应。此外，本实验还证明可乐定在中枢神经系统完整和脊髓横断的大鼠中对这些反射反应均产生剂量依赖性影响。
