Nakano Miki, Ayano Masahiro, Fukui Shoichi, Iwanaga Nozomi, Tatsutani Tomofumi, Takaki-Kuwahara Ayako, Kimoto Yasutaka, Akahoshi Mitsuteru, Migita Kiyoshi, Kawakami Atsushi, Tada Yoshifumi, Niiro Hiroaki
Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jun 20;104(25):e42844. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000042844.
Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is characterized by vascular injury, in which endothelial cells and immune cells including natural killer cells, have key roles. CD226 is an activating receptor expressed on natural killer cells and T cells, and the soluble form of CD226 (sCD226) is increased in diseases involving these cells. Therefore, we investigated the utility of serum sCD226 as a biomarker for TAK. Serum sCD226 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 34 TAK patients and 21 giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients. The associations between sCD226 levels and the angiographic classification, disease activity, and prognosis of TAK were analyzed. Serum sCD226 levels were significantly higher in TAK patients than in GCA patients. In patients with TAK, serum sCD226 levels were significantly elevated in the group of type Ⅴ compared with type Ⅰ to Ⅳ. Serum sCD226 levels were also elevated in patients with active TAK and in those with poor responses to corticosteroids. Moreover, the cumulative probability of relapse was increased in patients with high sCD226 levels. Serum sCD226 levels differentiated TAK from GCA and were associated with disease activity and relapse of TAK. Thus, serum sCD226 might be a useful biomarker for the management of TAK.
高安动脉炎（TAK）的特征是血管损伤，其中内皮细胞和包括自然杀伤细胞在内的免疫细胞起关键作用。CD226是一种在自然杀伤细胞和T细胞上表达的激活受体，在涉及这些细胞的疾病中，可溶性CD226（sCD226）水平会升高。因此，我们研究了血清sCD226作为TAK生物标志物的效用。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法测量了34例TAK患者和21例巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）患者的血清sCD226水平。分析了sCD226水平与TAK血管造影分类、疾病活动度和预后之间的关联。TAK患者的血清sCD226水平显著高于GCA患者。在TAK患者中，Ⅴ型组的血清sCD226水平显著高于Ⅰ至Ⅳ型组。活动期TAK患者和对皮质类固醇反应不佳的患者血清sCD226水平也升高。此外，sCD226水平高的患者复发的累积概率增加。血清sCD226水平可区分TAK和GCA，并与TAK的疾病活动度和复发相关。因此，血清sCD226可能是TAK管理的一种有用生物标志物。
