Jung Kyoungwon
Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Korean J Helicobacter Up Gastrointest Res. 2025 Jun;25(2):98-107. doi: 10.7704/kjhugr.2025.0001. Epub 2025 Jun 4.
Reflux esophagitis is a significant clinical manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and its prevalence is increasing because of lifestyle changes and increasing obesity. The diagnosis of GERD primarily emphasizes symptom-based approaches that focus on heartburn and acid regurgitation. GERD can be confirmed through proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy, endoscopy, and 24-hour impedance-pH monitoring. Of these methods, endoscopy plays a critical role in diagnosing reflux esophagitis. Recently, both PPIs and potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) have been recommended as first-line treatments, with P-CABs showing greater efficacy in severe cases or in patients unresponsive to PPIs. This review discusses the prevalence and risk factors of reflux esophagitis, presents the latest insights into its pathophysiology and diagnosis, and provides a comparative analysis of recent domestic and international guidelines.
反流性食管炎是胃食管反流病（GERD）的一种重要临床表现，由于生活方式的改变和肥胖率的上升，其患病率正在增加。GERD的诊断主要强调基于症状的方法，重点是烧心和反酸。GERD可通过质子泵抑制剂（PPI）治疗、内镜检查和24小时阻抗-pH监测来确诊。在这些方法中，内镜检查在反流性食管炎的诊断中起着关键作用。最近，PPI和钾离子竞争性酸阻滞剂（P-CABs）均被推荐作为一线治疗药物，P-CABs在重症病例或对PPI无反应的患者中显示出更高的疗效。本综述讨论了反流性食管炎的患病率和危险因素，介绍了其病理生理学和诊断的最新见解，并对近期国内外指南进行了比较分析。
