基于虚拟现实的运动干预对注意力缺陷/多动障碍青少年的影响：一项系统综述

Effects of virtual reality-based exercise intervention in young people with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review.

作者信息

Sun Jia-Ling, Chaw Xiao-Jun, Fresnoza Shane, Kuo Hsiao-I

机构信息

School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University, No.17, Xu-Zhou Road, 10055, Taipei, Taiwan.

Department of Psychology, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.

出版信息

J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2025 Jun 23;22(1):139. doi: 10.1186/s12984-025-01671-3.

DOI:10.1186/s12984-025-01671-3

PMID:40551134

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12183884/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder among the young population in the world. Young people with ADHD are often affected in their performance of attention, behavior, and executive functions (EFs), leading to a limited quality of life. Recently, Virtual reality (VR)-based exercise has been used as an intervention for young people with ADHD. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-based exercise in improving EFs and reducing ADHD symptoms in young people.

METHOD

This review aims to systematically review the effects of VR-based exercise on the overall EFs and their subdomains, as well as ADHD symptoms in young people with ADHD. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42024604205) and was funded by the National Science and Technology Council, R.O.C., with the project number 112-2314-B002-119-MY3. Studies were identified in five databases (Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Embase) from September 2010 through September 2024. Studies that applied VR-based exercise intervention on young participants with ADHD were included in this systematic review. A total of 6 studies met the inclusion criteria and were considered high quality according to standardized assessment lists.

RESULTS

Based on the 6 included studies and a total of 192 participants, the results showed that VR-based exercise with moderate to vigorous intensity provides positive effects on multiple subdomains of EFs (inhibitory control, attention, working memory, switching, and planning) and clinical symptoms in young people with ADHD. Furthermore, fully immersive and semi-immersive VR-based exercise interventions yielded similar results.

CONCLUSION

VR-based exercise effectively improves EFs and is feasible for young people with ADHD, with benefits observed across ages and with sessions over 30 min. However, more evidence is essential for VR-based exercise intervention, which may compare the effects to other intervention types. Additionally, studies with rigorous experimental design are warranted.

摘要

背景

注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是全球年轻人群中常见的神经发育障碍。患有ADHD的年轻人在注意力、行为和执行功能（EFs）方面的表现常常受到影响，导致生活质量受限。近年来，基于虚拟现实（VR）的运动已被用作对患有ADHD的年轻人的一种干预措施。因此，本综述旨在评估基于VR的运动在改善患有ADHD的年轻人的执行功能和减轻ADHD症状方面的有效性。

方法

本综述旨在系统评价基于VR的运动对患有ADHD的年轻人的整体执行功能及其子领域，以及ADHD症状的影响。本综述已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO CRD42024604205）中注册，并由中国台湾地区国家科学技术委员会资助，项目编号为112 - 2314 - B002 - 119 - MY3。从2010年9月至2024年9月在五个数据库（Cochrane图书馆、科学网、PubMed、SCOPUS和Embase）中检索研究。将对患有ADHD的年轻参与者应用基于VR的运动干预的研究纳入本系统评价。共有6项研究符合纳入标准，并根据标准化评估清单被认为质量较高。