Chen Qingjiang, Huang Linliang, Wang Suilin, Wei Daqiang, Lu Jiancai, Han Xiujing, Chang Zhenglin
Department of Urology, Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China.
Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Physiol. 2025 Jun 9;16:1612585. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1612585. eCollection 2025.
Stone diseases represent a significant global health burden affecting 10%-15% of the population worldwide. Despite advances in diagnostic imaging, current approaches often lack the ability to predict stone formation or differentiate between stone types at early stages.
This retrospective study analyzed data from 61,310 stone patients and 55,010 matched controls using 1:1 propensity score matching. Stone cases were categorized into five major groups and further subdivided by organ system. Comprehensive serum biomarker profiling was conducted using automated biochemistry analyzers.
Urinary system stones constituted the largest proportion (80.97%), followed by biliary system stones (21.12%). The study revealed distinct biomarker signatures: elevated serum creatinine and cystatin C in uric acid stones; increased PSA and monocyte counts in prostatic calculi; elevated β2-microglobulin and total bilirubin in common bile duct stones; and increased basophils, ceruloplasmin, ferritin, immunoglobulin-A, and rheumatoid factor in gallstones.
This study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of stone-specific clinical biomarker patterns derived from routine laboratory parameters, providing potential diagnostic markers for different stone types and suggesting stone-specific pathophysiological mechanisms.
结石病是一项重大的全球健康负担，影响着全球10%-15%的人口。尽管诊断成像技术有所进步，但目前的方法往往缺乏在早期阶段预测结石形成或区分结石类型的能力。
这项回顾性研究使用1:1倾向评分匹配分析了61310例结石患者和55010例匹配对照的数据。结石病例分为五大类，并按器官系统进一步细分。使用自动生化分析仪进行全面的血清生物标志物分析。
泌尿系统结石占比最大（80.97%），其次是胆道系统结石（21.12%）。该研究揭示了不同的生物标志物特征：尿酸结石患者血清肌酐和胱抑素C升高；前列腺结石患者前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）和单核细胞计数增加；胆总管结石患者β2-微球蛋白和总胆红素升高；胆结石患者嗜碱性粒细胞、铜蓝蛋白、铁蛋白、免疫球蛋白A和类风湿因子增加。
本研究首次对源自常规实验室参数的结石特异性临床生物标志物模式进行了全面评估，为不同类型的结石提供了潜在的诊断标志物，并提示了结石特异性的病理生理机制。
