Lang L, Saponaro P C, Hammoudeh H, Barnett S D, Nassani L M, Hsieh Y L, Azer S S, Saponaro Paola C
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2025 Jun 23;0(0):1-30. doi: 10.11607/jomi.11345.
The purpose of this study was to understand the clinical performance of dental implants including surgical and prosthetic failure rates and potential correlations with patient- level and procedure-level factors.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted with patients who received at least 1 dental implant at the Ohio State University College of Dentistry between January 1, 2016 and October 31, 2021, on adults age 18 years and older. The following measures were collected for analyses: procedure date, patient age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), medical comorbidities, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, osteoporosis, cancer, oral conditions, periodontal condition, tobacco or alcohol use, parafunctional habits, tooth number and location, implant type and manufacturer, implant diameter and length, abutment type and manufacturer, definitive restoration type, provider demographics, type of post-procedure complication(s), and treatment notes.
A total of 1,282 implants from 732 patients were recorded. Co-morbidities of interest in the patient population included 27% obesity, 10% diabetes mellitus, 9% cancer, and 28% hypertension. Two hundred and eight implants experienced some adverse event during the study period. Implant failures included failure to osseointegrate (2.9%) and loss of osseointegration (2.7%). Mechanical complications included abutment screw loosening (5.3%), abutment screw fractures (0.8%), and prosthesis fracture (1.0%). Soft tissue complications included peri-implantitis (2.6%) and peri-implant mucositis (7.2%). Among the 208 implants that experienced adverse events, forty-seven (3.6%) implants were removed. Ten (21.3%) of the failed implants were single crowns, and 3 (6.4%) were fixed dental prostheses or assisted a removable partial dental prosthesis. The remaining 34 implant (72%) failures occurred prior to prosthesis placement. The overall incident rate of implant adverse event was low, 7.5/100 person-years at a 95% confidence interval (CI); range: 6.4-8.5. Incident rates for implant failure, mechanical complications, and soft tissue complications were 1.6/100 (95% CI: range 1.2-2.1), 3.3/100 (95% CI: range 2.6-4.1), and 3.6/100 (95% CI: range 3.0-4.3).
Soft tissue complications such as peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis were the most commonly observed complications over time and appear to be associated with length of follow-up.
本研究的目的是了解牙种植体的临床性能，包括手术和修复失败率，以及与患者层面和手术层面因素的潜在相关性。
对2016年1月1日至2021年10月31日期间在俄亥俄州立大学牙科学院接受至少1颗牙种植体的18岁及以上成年人进行回顾性队列研究。收集以下指标进行分析：手术日期、患者年龄、性别、种族、体重指数（BMI）、合并症、心血管疾病、自身免疫性疾病、骨质疏松症、癌症、口腔状况、牙周状况、吸烟或饮酒、异常功能习惯、牙位和数量、种植体类型和制造商、种植体直径和长度、基台类型和制造商、最终修复类型、提供者人口统计学、术后并发症类型和治疗记录。
共记录了732例患者的1282颗种植体。患者群体中感兴趣的合并症包括27%肥胖、10%糖尿病、9%癌症和28%高血压。208颗种植体在研究期间发生了一些不良事件。种植体失败包括骨结合失败（2.9%）和骨结合丧失（2.7%）。机械并发症包括基台螺丝松动（5.3%）、基台螺丝折断（0.8%）和修复体折断（1.0%）。软组织并发症包括种植体周围炎（2.6%）和种植体周围黏膜炎（7.2%）。在发生不良事件的208颗种植体中，47颗（3.6%）种植体被取出。失败种植体中有10颗（21.3%）为单冠修复，3颗（6.4%）为固定义齿或辅助可摘局部义齿。其余34颗种植体（72%）在修复体放置前失败。种植体不良事件的总体发生率较低，95%置信区间（CI）为7.5/100人年；范围：6.4 - 8.5。种植体失败、机械并发症和软组织并发症的发生率分别为1.6/100（95%CI：范围1.2 - 2.1）、3.3/100（95%CI：范围2.6 - 4.1）和3.6/100（95%CI：范围3.0 - 4.3）。
随着时间推移，种植体周围炎和种植体周围黏膜炎等软组织并发症是最常观察到的并发症，且似乎与随访时间有关。
