Balachandran Chandhu, Chavan Snehal Prakash, Deoshatwar Avinash R, Thankappan Ullas Padinjaremattathil, Patil Dilip R, Sawant Pradip M, Kumar Surendra, Hari Irrusappan, Pulinchani Anisha, Sharma Yash Paul, Upadhyay Kamalesh, Kanani Amit, Katira Jayesh M, Butte Datta K, Pavitrakar Daya, Sakhare Kunal, Mahamuni Shubhangi, Tupekar Manisha M, Garg Shalu, Saxena Pranvi, Waghale Kiran Dattu, Shankar Sharanya, Sharma Sanyukta Santosh, Ratnakar Shraddha, Sonowane Prafulla, Dhaygude Sachin, Kumar Naveen, Bondre Vijay Parashramji
Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology [ICMR-NIV], Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Indian Council of Medical Research-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences [ICMR-RMRIMS], Patna, Bihar, India.
J Med Virol. 2025 Jul;97(7):e70456. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70456.
Chandipura virus, a Vesiculovirus, was first identified in India during an outbreak investigation of acute febrile illness in 1965. The virus first gained global attention after being implicated as the causative agent of an outbreak of acute viral encephalitis characterized by rapid clinical deterioration and death, in 2003. Since then, the virus has caused multiple outbreaks in central and western Indian states. During July 2024, an increased incidence of acute encephalitis was reported from Gujarat state. In response an outbreak investigation was carried out and Chandipura virus was identified as the major etiology, accounting for 23.45% of the cases. Clinically, the disease was characterized by rapid progression of illness, with total duration of illness ranging from 24 to 72 h in majority of the cases. Vomiting was found to be significantly more in cases of Chandipura viral encephalitis. In the current outbreak, multiorgan dysfunction was identified as a complication in Chandipura infections. Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and creatinine were found to be significantly elevated in cases of Chandipura encephalitis, compared to other etiologies of acute viral encephalitis. The case fatality rate in the current outbreak was 47.36%. Among the samples collected during the investigations, 69% humans and 8.76% animal samples tested positive for neutralizing antibodies against Chandipura virus. Fever surveillance during the outbreak also identified Chandipura IgM positive cases without neurological involvement, raising the possibility of Chandipura febrile illness. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolate from 2024 indicates similarity with isolates obtained during 2012 and 2014 from Gujarat.
钱迪普拉病毒是一种水疱性口炎病毒，1965年在印度一次急性发热性疾病暴发调查中首次被发现。2003年，该病毒被认定为一起以临床迅速恶化和死亡为特征的急性病毒性脑炎暴发的病原体后，首次引起全球关注。从那时起，该病毒在印度中西部各邦引发了多次疫情。2024年7月，古吉拉特邦报告急性脑炎发病率上升。作为应对措施，开展了一次疫情调查，钱迪普拉病毒被确定为主要病因，占病例的23.45%。临床上，该病的特点是病情进展迅速，大多数病例的病程总时长为24至72小时。发现钱迪普拉病毒性脑炎病例的呕吐症状明显更多。在此次疫情中，多器官功能障碍被确定为钱迪普拉病毒感染的一种并发症。与急性病毒性脑炎的其他病因相比，钱迪普拉脑炎病例的血清谷丙转氨酶和肌酐显著升高。此次疫情中的病死率为47.36%。在调查期间采集的样本中，69%的人类样本和8.76%的动物样本针对钱迪普拉病毒的中和抗体检测呈阳性。疫情期间的发热监测还发现了未出现神经症状的钱迪普拉IgM阳性病例，这增加了钱迪普拉热性病的可能性。对2024年分离株的系统发育分析表明，其与2012年和2014年从古吉拉特邦获得的分离株相似。
