Aslam Junaid, Waseem Muhammad Ahsan, Lu Xiao-Meng, Wu Songling, Sun Weiwei, Wang Yong
Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Ulisboa School, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Small. 2025 Aug;21(32):e2503262. doi: 10.1002/smll.202503262. Epub 2025 Jun 25.
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are on the verge of transforming energy storage while boasting remarkable theoretical energy densities that make them prime contenders for the future of power technology. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by the unchecked formation of lithium dendrites and the inherent vulnerability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). In this critical juncture, MXenes have surfaced as a transformative material with remarkable properties such as an immense specific surface area, unmatched chemical stability, highly adaptable surface functionalities, and intrinsic porosity. These characteristics enable MXenes to serve as highly efficient lithium-ion reservoirs and as powerful deterrents to dendritic growth while safeguarding the integrity of the SEI. This comprehensive review delves deeply into the potential of MXene-based anode materials while emphasizing their capacity to address the dual challenges of dendrite formation and SEI degradation in LMBs. Cutting-edge advancements in the design and development of lithium metal anodes (LMAs) are thoroughly explored, while tracking the progression of next-generation battery architectures. Furthermore, forward-thinking strategies are proposed to overcome the current limitations while highlighting the indispensable role of MXenes in ensuring the long-term safety, resilience and exceptional electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries.
锂金属电池（LMBs）正处于变革储能领域的边缘，其具有卓越的理论能量密度，使其成为电力技术未来的主要竞争者。然而，锂枝晶的无节制形成以及固体电解质界面（SEI）的固有脆弱性阻碍了它们的广泛应用。在这一关键时刻，MXenes作为一种变革性材料崭露头角，具有诸如巨大的比表面积、无与伦比的化学稳定性、高度可适应的表面功能和固有孔隙率等显著特性。这些特性使MXenes能够作为高效的锂离子储存库，并作为枝晶生长的强大抑制剂，同时保护SEI的完整性。这篇全面的综述深入探讨了基于MXene的负极材料的潜力，同时强调了它们应对LMBs中枝晶形成和SEI降解这两个双重挑战的能力。深入探索了锂金属负极（LMAs）设计和开发方面的前沿进展，同时追踪下一代电池架构的发展进程。此外，还提出了前瞻性策略以克服当前的局限性，同时突出MXenes在确保锂金属电池长期安全性、韧性和卓越电化学性能方面不可或缺的作用。
