Bao Yuling, Wang Jiawei, Huang Hui, Sun Zhe, Xue Mingyan, Bian Zilong, Jin Rui, Wu Qian
Department of Respiratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 10;13:1527214. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1527214. eCollection 2025.
This study investigated whether exposure to air pollution remains a significant factor contributing to childhood asthma in China.
Short-term exposure to air pollutants was assessed using daily average concentrations of pollutants at current and lag intervals (0-6 days) from 2015 to 2018. Long-term individual exposure in 2016 was estimated using land-use regression (LUR) models. The effects of short- and long-term exposure on childhood asthma hospitalizations were evaluated using generalized additive models and multiple time-dependent Cox regression models, respectively.
Hospitalizations for childhood asthma typically peaked in late spring and fall, with a higher prevalence of wheezing or asthma observed in male individuals than in female individuals. Hospital admissions were most frequent among children aged 0-3 years. However, no significant positive associations were observed between short- or long-term air pollutant exposure and daily childhood asthma hospitalizations, based on the applied statistical models and the levels of air pollution exposure measured during the study period.
In this study, variability in air pollution exposure was not associated with variability in hospitalizations of children with asthma. Instead, asthma onset exhibited unique seasonal and demographic patterns.
本研究调查了空气污染暴露是否仍然是导致中国儿童哮喘的一个重要因素。
利用2015年至2018年污染物的日平均浓度评估短期空气污染暴露，包括当前和滞后时段（0 - 6天）。2016年的长期个体暴露采用土地利用回归（LUR）模型进行估计。分别使用广义相加模型和多重时间依赖Cox回归模型评估短期和长期暴露对儿童哮喘住院的影响。
儿童哮喘住院通常在春末和秋季达到高峰，男性个体中喘息或哮喘的患病率高于女性个体。0 - 3岁儿童的住院次数最为频繁。然而，根据应用的统计模型以及研究期间测量的空气污染暴露水平，短期或长期空气污染暴露与儿童哮喘每日住院次数之间未观察到显著的正相关。
在本研究中，空气污染暴露的变化与哮喘儿童住院的变化无关。相反，哮喘发作呈现出独特的季节性和人口统计学模式。
