Kumar Astakala Anil, Lee Nohyun
School of Advanced Material Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.
Mater Horiz. 2025 Jun 25. doi: 10.1039/d5mh00573f.
The increasing demand for sustainable, lead-free alternatives has catalyzed extensive research into halide double perovskites, an emerging class of materials distinguished by excellent structural versatility, tunable electronic properties, and enhanced environmental stability. The replacement of toxic lead with earth-abundant materials makes these compounds present a transformative pathway toward eco-friendly optoelectronic technologies. The current comprehensive review critically examines recent breakthroughs in the synthesis, characterization, and multifunctional applications of lead-free halide double perovskites highlighting superior light absorption, intrinsic defect tolerance, and compositional flexibility with their rapidly advancing roles in next-generation solar cells, photodetectors, and light-emitting devices. In addition, their high X-ray absorption coefficients and robust radioluminescence enable cutting-edge scintillation performance, with significant implications for medical imaging and radiation detection. In the current review, we signify a unified framework that balances sustainability, stability, and multifunctionality, with particular attention to emerging indoor photovoltaic technologies that exemplify tailored, application-driven material innovation. Despite considerable progress, critical challenges in environmental resilience and scalable synthesis remain to be addressed for widespread technological deployment. This review delineates the current landscape and future directions, positioning lead-free halide double perovskites at the forefront of sustainable materials research.
对可持续、无铅替代品的需求不断增加，促使人们对卤化物双钙钛矿展开了广泛研究。卤化物双钙钛矿是一类新兴材料，具有出色的结构多样性、可调节的电子特性和更高的环境稳定性。用储量丰富的材料替代有毒的铅，使这些化合物为环保型光电子技术提供了一条变革性途径。当前的这篇综述批判性地审视了无铅卤化物双钙钛矿在合成、表征及多功能应用方面的最新突破，突出了其优异的光吸收性能、固有的缺陷耐受性和成分灵活性，以及它们在下一代太阳能电池、光电探测器和发光器件中迅速发展的作用。此外，它们的高X射线吸收系数和强大的辐射发光特性使其具备前沿的闪烁性能，对医学成像和辐射检测具有重要意义。在本综述中，我们提出了一个平衡可持续性、稳定性和多功能性的统一框架，特别关注新兴的室内光伏技术，这些技术体现了定制化、应用驱动的材料创新。尽管取得了显著进展，但要实现广泛的技术应用，环境适应性和可扩展合成方面的关键挑战仍有待解决。本综述描绘了当前的现状和未来方向，将无铅卤化物双钙钛矿置于可持续材料研究的前沿。
