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用于能源应用的金属卤化物钙钛矿：最新进展、挑战及未来展望

Metal halide perovskites for energy applications: recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives.

作者信息

Soltani Sonia, Hjiri Mokhtar, Ahmed Najwa Idris A, Jbeli Anouar, Aldukhayel Abdullah M, Althumairi Nouf Ahmed

机构信息

Department of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University Buraidah 51452 Saudi Arabia

Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh 11623 Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2025 Jun 26;15(27):21811-21837. doi: 10.1039/d5ra02730f. eCollection 2025 Jun 23.

DOI:10.1039/d5ra02730f
PMID:40575558
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12199149/
Abstract

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have rapidly emerged as a leading class of materials for a wide range of energy applications, including photovoltaics, light-emitting devices, and energy storage systems. Their exceptional optoelectronic properties such as high absorption coefficients, long carrier diffusion lengths, and tunable bandgaps combined with their low-cost, solution-processable synthesis methods, position MHPs at the forefront of next-generation sustainable energy technologies. Despite these advantages, critical challenges remain, particularly concerning their long-term operational stability, environmental toxicity (especially due to the lead content), and scalability for industrial production. This review comprehensively examines recent progress in the synthesis and characterization of MHPs, focusing on key breakthroughs in materials design, processing techniques, and analytical tools that deepen our understanding of their structure property performance relationships. We also discuss the primary bottlenecks limiting commercial deployment and highlight emerging strategies to improve device durability, reduce ecological impact, and enhance compatibility with scalable manufacturing processes. Finally, we offer a forward-looking perspective on promising research directions aimed at expanding the applicability of MHPs beyond photovoltaics, including their potential roles in thermoelectric conversion, solid-state batteries, and advanced optoelectronic sensors, thereby underscoring their transformative potential in the future of clean energy technologies.

摘要

金属卤化物钙钛矿（MHPs）迅速成为一类主导材料，用于广泛的能源应用，包括光伏、发光器件和储能系统。它们具有优异的光电性能，如高吸收系数、长载流子扩散长度和可调节的带隙，再加上低成本、可溶液加工的合成方法，使MHPs处于下一代可持续能源技术的前沿。尽管有这些优点，但仍存在重大挑战，特别是在其长期运行稳定性、环境毒性（尤其是由于铅含量）以及工业生产的可扩展性方面。本综述全面考察了MHPs合成与表征的最新进展，重点关注材料设计、加工技术和分析工具方面的关键突破，这些突破加深了我们对其结构-性能-性能关系的理解。我们还讨论了限制商业应用的主要瓶颈，并强调了提高器件耐久性、减少生态影响以及增强与可扩展制造工艺兼容性的新兴策略。最后，我们对有前景的研究方向提供了前瞻性观点，旨在扩大MHPs在光伏以外的适用性，包括它们在热电转换、固态电池和先进光电传感器中的潜在作用，从而突出它们在清洁能源技术未来的变革潜力。

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