Magara Henlay J O, Hugel Sylvain, Fisher Brian L
Department of Feed Development, Madagascar Biodiversity Center, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.
Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR 3212 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67087 Strasbourg, France.
Insects. 2025 Jun 6;16(6):600. doi: 10.3390/insects16060600.
The tropical house cricket () can convert organic diets formulated from weeds and agro by-products into high-quality biomass. This study assessed the potential of diets developed from weeds and agro by-products as a feed source for . We compared the development and nutritional value of crickets fed these alternative diets with control crickets fed chicken feed. Ten different diets with varying protein contents were used, including chicken feed (Control) with a protein content of 215 g/Kg dry matter (DM) basis), Cassava-Sugar Diet (250 g/Kg DM protein) Desmodium-Bran Diet (245 g/Kg DM protein), Morning Glory-Bean Diet (240 g/Kg DM protein), Morning Glory-Cassava Diet (235 g/Kg DM protein), Morning Glory-Cowpea Diet (225 g/Kg DM protein), Mixed Weed-Bran Diet (Optimal) (215 g/Kg DM protein) Cassava-Gallant Soldier Diet (200 g/Kg DM protein), Wheat-Bran Diet (145 g/Kg DM protein), and Maize-Cassava Diet (135 g/Kg DM protein). The weight and length of the crickets were measured for 9 weeks from day 1 after hatching to day 56. Then, the crickets were harvested and analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, fat, ash, fiber, minerals, and fatty acid composition. Cricket developmental time, survival rate, weight and length, yield, proximate components, and mineral and fatty acids differed depending on the diet provided. The Mixed Weed-Bran Diet (Optimal) resulted in the crickets developing faster (48.8 days), with a higher survival rate (88.1%), greater adult length (19.2 cm) and weight (0.44 g), and a nutrition content richer in minerals and unsaturated fatty acids when compared to other treatments. Oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids. The highest protein content (64.4 g/100 g) was observed in the Mixed Weed-Bran Diet (Optimal) and Morning Glory-Cassava Diet treatments, while the Maize-Cassava Diet treatment crickets possessed the highest quantities of fats (19.1 g/100 g) and ash (15.4 g/100 g). The fatty acid profile of revealed the cricket to have high unsaturated fatty acids except in crickets fed Morning Glory-Cowpea Diet and Wheat-Bran Diet. Generally, grew best and had the most nutritious body composition on the Mixed Weed-Bran Diet (Optimal). The findings indicate that diets developed from weeds and agro by-products have great potential to be used as an alternative feed source for crickets and are capable of replacing expensive chicken feed, enhancing the circular farming potential of insect farming.
热带家蟋（ ）能够将由杂草和农业副产品配制而成的有机饲料转化为高质量的生物量。本研究评估了以杂草和农业副产品开发的饲料作为热带家蟋饲料来源的潜力。我们将喂食这些替代饲料的蟋蟀的生长发育情况和营养价值与喂食鸡饲料的对照蟋蟀进行了比较。使用了十种不同蛋白质含量的饲料，包括蛋白质含量为215克/千克干物质（DM）的鸡饲料（对照）、木薯 - 糖饲料（250克/千克DM蛋白质）、山蚂蝗 - 麸皮饲料（245克/千克DM蛋白质）、牵牛 - 豆类饲料（240克/千克DM蛋白质）、牵牛 - 木薯饲料（235克/千克DM蛋白质）、牵牛 - 豇豆饲料（225克/千克DM蛋白质）、混合杂草 - 麸皮饲料（最佳）（215克/千克DM蛋白质）、木薯 - 革命菜饲料（200克/千克DM蛋白质）、麦麸饲料（145克/千克DM蛋白质）以及玉米 - 木薯饲料（135克/千克DM蛋白质）。从孵化后的第1天到第56天，对蟋蟀的体重和体长进行了9周的测量。然后，收获蟋蟀并分析其干物质、粗蛋白、脂肪、灰分、纤维、矿物质和脂肪酸组成。蟋蟀的发育时间、存活率、体重和体长、产量、近似成分以及矿物质和脂肪酸因所提供的饲料不同而有所差异。与其他处理相比，混合杂草 - 麸皮饲料（最佳）使蟋蟀发育更快（48.8天），存活率更高（88.1%），成虫体长更长（19.2厘米）且体重更重（0.44克），并且矿物质和不饱和脂肪酸的营养成分更丰富。油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸是主要脂肪酸。在混合杂草 - 麸皮饲料（最佳）和牵牛 - 木薯饲料处理中观察到最高的蛋白质含量（64.4克/100克），而玉米 - 木薯饲料处理的蟋蟀脂肪含量最高（19.1克/100克）且灰分含量最高（15.4克/100克）。热带家蟋的脂肪酸谱显示，除了喂食牵牛 - 豇豆饲料和麦麸饲料的蟋蟀外，其他蟋蟀的不饱和脂肪酸含量都很高。总体而言，热带家蟋在混合杂草 - 麸皮饲料（最佳）上生长最好且身体组成最具营养。研究结果表明，由杂草和农业副产品开发的饲料具有作为热带家蟋替代饲料来源的巨大潜力，并且能够替代昂贵的鸡饲料，提高昆虫养殖的循环农业潜力。
