肠道微生物群失调及其对生殖健康的影响：机制与临床应用

Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Its Impact on Reproductive Health: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications.

作者信息

Moustakli Efthalia, Stavros Sofoklis, Katopodis Periklis, Potiris Anastasios, Drakakis Peter, Dafopoulos Stefanos, Zachariou Athanasios, Dafopoulos Konstantinos, Zikopoulos Konstantinos, Zikopoulos Athanasios

机构信息

Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.

Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece.

出版信息

Metabolites. 2025 Jun 11;15(6):390. doi: 10.3390/metabo15060390.

DOI:10.3390/metabo15060390

PMID:40559414

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12195147/

Abstract

The human gut microbiome is integral to maintaining systemic physiological balance, with accumulating evidence emphasizing its critical role in reproductive health. This review investigates the bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and the female reproductive system, mediated by neuroendocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways, constituting the gut-reproductive axis. Dysbiosis, characterized by microbial imbalance, has been linked to reproductive disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, infertility, impaired spermatogenesis, and pregnancy complications. These associations can be explained by immunological dysregulation, systemic inflammation, altered sex hormone metabolism, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis disturbances. This review aims to clarify the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning gut-reproductive interactions and to evaluate the feasibility of microbiome-targeted therapies as clinical interventions for improving reproductive outcomes.

摘要

人类肠道微生物群对于维持全身生理平衡至关重要，越来越多的证据强调了其在生殖健康中的关键作用。本综述研究了肠道微生物群与女性生殖系统之间的双向相互作用，这些相互作用由神经内分泌、免疫和代谢途径介导，构成了肠道-生殖轴。以微生物失衡为特征的生态失调与多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）、子宫内膜异位症、不孕症、精子发生受损和妊娠并发症等生殖障碍有关。这些关联可以通过免疫失调、全身炎症、性激素代谢改变和下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴紊乱来解释。本综述旨在阐明肠道-生殖相互作用的分子和细胞机制，并评估以微生物群为靶点的疗法作为改善生殖结局的临床干预措施的可行性。